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September nd 2 2015 page 25 •DO: I will be able to create various elements using a Bohr model. •EQ: How are valence electrons important in bonding? What are the maximum number of electrons in the first three energy levels? Why are atoms neutral? Where is most of the mass of an atom found? Daily Check 1. If the reactants contain 12 carbon atoms and 4 oxygen atoms, what must be true of the products? The product must be a molecule made of 16 atoms The products must contain 4 carbon atoms and 12 oxygen atoms. The products must consist of carbon to oxygen atoms in a 1:1 ratio. The products must contain 12 carbon atoms and 4 oxygen atoms. • Explanation: 2. The number placed below and to the right of an element’s symbol in a chemical formula is called a a. Coefficient b. Product c. Reactant d. Subscript • Explanation: Electron Protons - + Because electrons(-) = protons (+) there is no charge in ATOM as a whole unit. Neutron NO + ++ + + Nucleus Atomic mass + electrons Protons neutrons Nature of Matter: The Atom The Element Square PRACTICE September rd 3 2015 page 27 •DO: I will be able to create various elements using a Bohr model. •EQ: How are valence electrons important in bonding? What are the maximum number of electrons in the first three energy levels? Why are atoms neutral? Where is most of the mass of an atom found? Warm Up Questions 1. Sodium is an element found in table salt. It contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons. How many electrons are found in a neutral atom of sodium? a. 11 b. 12 c. 23 d.1 2. What does the law of conservation of matter state? a. The total mass of the reactants is greater than the total mass of the products. b. The total mass of the reactants is less than the total mass of the products. c. The total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products d. Matter can not change form. PRACTICE Nature of Matter: The Atom • There are three parts to an atom. They are protons, neutrons, and electrons. These are called subatomic particles. • Atoms are one of the smallest units of matter. • An atom is more that a million times smaller than the thickness of a human hair. • The number of positive protons equals the number of negatively charged electrons in an atom • Atoms are neutrally balanced Nature of Matter: The Atom • Shows how electrons Bohr Model- move from the highest A representation of the atom energy level of one atom to the highest energy level of another atom during bonding • Shows the contents of the nucleus of an atom Nature of Matter: The Atom • The nucleus holds two types of particles in it: neutrons and protons. The center of the atom is called the • Since the neutron has no electric charge, and the proton has a +1 charge, the nucleus has an overall +1 charge. Nucleus • Most of the mass of an atom is located here in the nucleus. • A neutron has no electrical charge • Electrons are very small particles located outside the nucleus. They associated with it, we say it has a orbit (circle around) the nucleus at charge of 0. high speeds, like the Earth orbits the A neutron is found in the nucleus sun. only. • An electron has an electrical charge • A proton always has an electrical charge of +1 amu. • A proton is found in the nucleus only • The nucleus of an atom gets its overall charge from the proton. of –1. • Electrons orbit on rings or energy levels. The outside ring is called the “valence shell” • The valence shell is where one atom bonds together with another atom. Energy Shells th September 4 2015 page 29 •DO: I will be able to demonstrate the difference between atoms, molecules, and compounds as well as create the atomic structure of elements by reading an element square. •EQ: How are valence electrons important in bonding? What are the maximum number of electrons in the first three energy levels? Why are atoms neutral? Where is most of the mass of an atom found? Writing Prompt page28 Writing Prompt: In your own words explain how Elements, atoms, molecules and compounds relate to one another. Use a unique example to relate the connections between Elements, atoms, molecules and compounds to another idea, like our ice cream example, to illustrate how they work together. An Atom Bohr Model The Element Square ATOM ELEMENT MOLECULE COMPOUND th September 7 2015 page 31 •DO: I will be able to demonstrate the difference between atoms, molecules, and compounds as well as create the atomic structure of elements by reading an element square. •EQ: How are valence electrons important in bonding? What are the maximum number of electrons in the first three energy levels? Why are atoms neutral? Where is most of the mass of an atom found? Warm Up Questions 1. Explain: a chemical property vs. a chemical reaction Explanation: ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 2. In an atom, the number of protons equals the number of a. b. c. d. Nuclei Electrons Neutrons Isotopes September th 8 2015 page 33 •DO: I will be able to explain the importance of the atom and subatomic particles through an investigation of scientific discovery. •EQ: •Draw and label the subatomic parts of an atom? •How are molecules created? •Explain this statement: All compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are compounds. Warm Up Questions 1. The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6. How many different elements make up one molecule of glucose? a. 1 b. 3 c. 12 d. 24 Explanation: _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 2. Which of the following is the basis for arranging the elements in the modern periodic table? a. Atomic Name b. Atomic Number c. Atomic Mass d. Atomic Symbol Explanation: _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ EXPLAIN: September th 9 2015 page 35 •DO: I will be able to explain the arrangement of and differentiate between the groups of the periodic table and explain the differences. •EQ: •What are the different ways that the periodic table is arranged? •What information are you aware of just by where an element is located on the periodic table? Warm Up Questions 1. How many elements are listed in the modern periodic table? a. 50 b. 75 c. 100 + d. 1,000 + 2. Solve the equation: CH4 + O2 16g ? a. 16 b. 36 c. 44 d. 64 2CO2 + H2O 44g 36g