Download Nature of Matter: The Atom

September
nd
2
2015 page 25
•DO: I will be able to create various elements using a
Bohr model.
•EQ:
How are valence electrons important in bonding?
What are the maximum number of electrons in the
first three energy levels?
Why are atoms neutral?
Where is most of the mass of an atom found?
Daily Check
1. If the reactants contain 12 carbon atoms and 4 oxygen atoms, what
must be true of the products?
The product must be a molecule made of 16 atoms
The products must contain 4 carbon atoms and 12 oxygen atoms.
The products must consist of carbon to oxygen atoms in a 1:1 ratio.
The products must contain 12 carbon atoms and 4 oxygen atoms.
• Explanation:
2. The number placed below and to the right of an
element’s symbol in a chemical formula is called a
a. Coefficient
b. Product
c. Reactant
d. Subscript
• Explanation:
Electron
Protons
-
+
Because electrons(-) = protons (+)
there is no charge in ATOM as
a whole unit.
Neutron
NO
+ ++ +
+
Nucleus
Atomic mass
+
electrons
Protons
neutrons
Nature of Matter:
The Atom
The Element Square
PRACTICE
September
rd
3
2015
page 27
•DO: I will be able to create various elements using a
Bohr model.
•EQ:
How are valence electrons important in bonding?
What are the maximum number of electrons in the
first three energy levels?
Why are atoms neutral?
Where is most of the mass of an atom found?
Warm Up Questions
1. Sodium is an element found in table salt. It contains 11 protons and 12
neutrons. How many electrons are found in a neutral atom of sodium?
a. 11
b. 12
c. 23
d.1
2. What does the law of conservation of matter state?
a. The total mass of the reactants is greater than the total mass of the
products.
b. The total mass of the reactants is less than the total mass of the
products.
c. The total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products
d. Matter can not change form.
PRACTICE
Nature of Matter:
The Atom
• There are three parts to an
atom. They are protons,
neutrons, and electrons. These
are called subatomic particles.
• Atoms are one of the smallest units of
matter.
• An atom is more that a million times
smaller than the thickness of a human hair.
• The number of positive protons
equals the number of negatively
charged electrons in an atom
• Atoms are neutrally balanced
Nature of Matter:
The Atom
• Shows how electrons
Bohr Model-
move from the highest
A representation of the atom energy level of one atom
to the highest energy level
of another atom during
bonding
• Shows the contents of the
nucleus of an atom
Nature of Matter:
The Atom
• The nucleus holds two types of
particles in it: neutrons and
protons.
The center of the atom is called the
• Since the neutron has no electric
charge, and the proton has a +1
charge, the nucleus has an overall
+1 charge.
Nucleus
• Most of the mass of an atom is
located here in the nucleus.
• A neutron has no electrical charge • Electrons are very small particles
located outside the nucleus. They
associated with it, we say it has a
orbit (circle around) the nucleus at
charge of 0.
high speeds, like the Earth orbits the
A neutron is found in the nucleus
sun.
only.
• An electron has an electrical charge
• A proton always has an electrical
charge of +1 amu.
• A proton is found in the nucleus
only
• The nucleus of an atom gets its
overall charge from the proton.
of –1.
• Electrons orbit on rings or energy
levels. The outside ring is called the
“valence shell”
• The valence shell is where one atom
bonds together with another atom.
Energy Shells
th
September 4 2015 page 29
•DO: I will be able to demonstrate the difference
between atoms, molecules, and compounds as well as
create the atomic structure of elements by reading an
element square.
•EQ:
How are valence electrons important in bonding?
What are the maximum number of electrons in the
first three energy levels?
Why are atoms neutral?
Where is most of the mass of an atom found?
Writing Prompt
page28
Writing Prompt:
In your own words explain how Elements, atoms, molecules and
compounds relate to one another. Use a unique example to
relate the connections between Elements, atoms, molecules and
compounds to another idea, like our ice cream example, to
illustrate how they work together.
An Atom
Bohr Model
The Element Square
ATOM ELEMENT MOLECULE COMPOUND
th
September 7 2015 page 31
•DO: I will be able to demonstrate the difference
between atoms, molecules, and compounds as well as
create the atomic structure of elements by reading an
element square.
•EQ:
How are valence electrons important in bonding?
What are the maximum number of electrons in the
first three energy levels?
Why are atoms neutral?
Where is most of the mass of an atom found?
Warm Up Questions
1. Explain: a chemical property vs. a chemical reaction
Explanation:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. In an atom, the number of protons equals the number of
a.
b.
c.
d.
Nuclei
Electrons
Neutrons
Isotopes
September
th
8
2015 page 33
•DO: I will be able to explain the importance of the
atom and subatomic particles through an
investigation of scientific discovery.
•EQ:
•Draw and label the subatomic parts of an atom?
•How are molecules created?
•Explain this statement: All compounds are
molecules, but not all molecules are compounds.
Warm Up Questions
1. The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6. How many different elements make up one molecule of glucose?
a.
1
b.
3
c.
12
d.
24
Explanation: _________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. Which of the following is the basis for arranging the elements in the modern periodic table?
a. Atomic Name
b. Atomic Number
c. Atomic Mass
d. Atomic Symbol
Explanation: _________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
EXPLAIN:
September
th
9
2015 page 35
•DO: I will be able to explain the arrangement of and
differentiate between the groups of the periodic table
and explain the differences.
•EQ:
•What are the different ways that the periodic table is
arranged?
•What information are you aware of just by where an
element is located on the periodic table?
Warm Up Questions
1. How many elements are listed in the modern periodic table?
a.
50
b.
75
c.
100 +
d.
1,000 +
2. Solve the equation:
CH4 + O2
16g
?
a.
16
b.
36
c.
44
d.
64
2CO2 + H2O
44g 36g