Download Earth Processes Test Review Sheet

Earth Processes Test Review Sheet
Draw and label the layers of the Earth.
Which layer of the Earth....
contains rocks, soil, water and mountains? crust
is molten? mantle
is a dense ball of metal? inner core
can bend and flow slowly? asthenosphere
is rigid and made of the crust and upper part of the mantle? lithosphere
As you travel to the center of the Earth, the temperature and pressure __ increase___.
mineral - a naturally occuring inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite
chemical composition
luster - the way a mineral reflects light
streak - the color of a powder obtained by rubbing the mineral across an unglazed piece
of porcelain
hardness - a test used to determine if one substance is harder than another
How do you identify a mineral? determine the physical properties such as luster, streak
and hardness and look for the match on a mineral identification key
Which property is the most useful in identifying a mineral? of the ones learned in
this unit, hardness
Why? it narrows the search down the most
Which property is the least useful in identifying a mineral? Color
Why? more than one mineral can be the same color
and the same mineral can be found in more than one colors
rock - the material that forms Earth’s hard surface
igneous rock - forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface of the Earth
What process forms this rock? melting and cooling
Describe the appearance of an igneous rock.
if it formed on the surface it does not have crystals (cooled to quickly to
form)
if it formed underground it has crystals (the deeper underground, the larger
the crystals because it had more time to form and grow crystals)
How can you tell if it formed on the surface or underground?
holes or glassy = on the surface
visible crystals = underground (the larger the crystals, the deeper)
sedimentary rock - a type of rock that forms when particles of other rocks or the remains
of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together
What process forms this rock? weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction and
cementation
Describe the appearance of a sedimentary rock.
pieces of other rocks and broken pieces of bones and sea shells cemented
together
metamorphic rock - forms from an existing rock tht is changed by heat, pressure, or
chemical reactions
What process forms this rock? heat and pressure
Describe the appearance of a metamorphic rock
forms in layers or recrystalized rocks
rock cycle - a series of processes on the surface and inside the Earth that slowly changes
rocks from one kind to another
Draw and label the rock cycle.