Download Classifying Living Organisms

CLASSIFYING LIVING ORGANISMS
I.
History of Classification
II.
Classification system
III.
Vertebrates/Invertebrates
IV. 5 Kingdoms
CLASSIFICATION UNIT VOCAB #1-6
1. Classification – the grouping of things according to similar
characteristics
2. Organism – any living thing
3. Taxonomy – the science of classification
4. Kingdom – a major, large group of similar organisms
5. Genus – a number of similar, closely related species
6. Species – individuals that are similar in appearance and behavior and
can produce offspring
LESSON 1: THE FIVE KINGDOMS
Textbook pages 94-95
1.Give an example of how you classify objects in your home.
(kitchen, garage, office, etc…)
2.What are 2 characteristics the hawk and the bat share?
3.What are 2 differences between the hawk and the bat?
4.Give an example of a kingdom you have learned about in history
class. How does it relate to the 5 kingdoms on page 95?
5.List the 5 kingdoms. (use Monerans instead of Bacteria)
HISTORY OF CLASSIFICATION
Read the online document “History of Classification” and answer these questions:
1. Scientists have identified more than ________________ different types of living
things.
2. The science of classification is a branch of biology known as ____________________.
3. Aristotle divided organisms into these two groups: ____________________________.
4. What did Aristotle ignore when he devised his classification system?
5. Who created the classification system that we use today?
6. What is the naming system called that he developed?
7. What are the two parts to each name in this system?
8. How many names does each living organism have?
9. What two purposes does the Linneaus naming system have?
LINNAEUS’S SYSTEM OF
CLASSIFICATION
Brain Pop classification
HISTORY OF CLASSIFICATION QUIZ
Answer in complete sentences:
1. What is a the name of scientist who study the classification of
organisms called?
2. Who created the classification system we use today and what purposes
does it have for scientists today?
3. What language are the scientific names for organisms written in?
4. What are the two parts of each name in the classification system?
5. Why are the bat and the bird not classified as the same species?
6. Scientists have identified more than ___________ different types of
living things. Will this be all the organisms that are discovered? Why
or why not?
CLASSIFICATION UNIT VOCAB #7-11:
7. Carl Linnaeus – 18th century Swedish scientist who developed the
two name classification system we use today
8. Binomial nomenclature – classification system giving each
organism two names, a genus and species name (ex. homo sapiens)
9. Homo sapiens - the scientific name for humans
10.Animal - living organisms that can breathe and move, are multicelled, and cannot make their own food
11.Plants - contain chlorophyll to make their own food, have multiple
cells and cellulose, can't move
CLASSIFICATION UNIT VOCAB #12-15:
12.Monerans – simple, singled celled organisms that don’t have a nucleus
(bacteria)
13.Protists –single celled organisms that have a nucleus (algae, amoebas,
diatoms)
14.Fungi – multicellular organisms that have a nucleus and absorb the
organism that it is growing on (mushrooms, yeast, and molds)
15.Spores - single reproductive cells which grow into a new plant
CLASSIFICATION UNIT VOCAB #16-20:
16.Metabolize - chemical processes in cells that are essential to
life
17.Autotrophs – organisms that can make their own food
18.Heterotrophs – organisms that can’t make their own food
19.Vertebrate – an animal with a backbone
20.Invertebrate – an animal without a backbone
CLASSIFICATION UNIT VOCAB #21-25:
21.fish - aquatic animals with gills, rubbery skeletons, lay eggs (fish,
sharks, eels)
22.amphibians - young breathe with gills, adults have lungs, coldblooded, lay eggs (frogs, toads, salamanders)
23.reptiles - cold-blooded animals who live in warm places, lay leathery
eggs (snakes, lizards, alligators, turtles)
24.birds - covered in feathers, hollow bones, two legs and two wings, lay
eggs (ostriches, chickens)
25.mammals - skin covered in hair, nurse their young with milk, give live
birth, warm-blooded (kangaroos, mice, whales, humans)
CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
Textbook pages 96-97
1.Draw the Linnaeus classification system in your journal.
2.Create a mnemonic device to remember the Order of Classification.
Examples:
King Phillip Came Over For Great Spaghetti
King Phillip Coughed On Fred & he Got Sick
3. How do the relationships among organisms change as they are classified into
more exact groups?
4.What is the largest group used to classify living things? The most specific?
5.Two plants are named Vinca minor and Vinca rosea. Are they close relatives?
Explain.
Classification RAP
Science Channel-Bill Nye
THE 5 KINGDOMS
1. Plants
2. Animals
3. Fungi
4. Protists
5. Monerans
ANIMAL KINGDOM - VERTEBRATES
1. Mammals -warm blooded, have hair, produce milk for young
• Monkeys, mice, whales, kangaroos, people
2. Birds -warm blooded, hollow bones, lay eggs, feathers
3. Reptiles -cold blooded, live in warm places, lungs, lay eggs, dry
scaly skin
• Snakes, lizards, alligators, crocodiles, turtles
4. Fish -cold blooded, gills, lay eggs
5. Amphibians -cold blooded, lungs & gills, moist skin (no scales),
lay eggs
• Frogs, toads, & salamanders
ANIMAL KINGDOM - INVERTEBRATES
1. Sponges-no body openings, live in water
2. Worms-two body openings, simple nervous system
• Flatworms, roundworms, segmented worms
3. Mollusks-soft bodies, 3 body parts (head, body, foot)
• Clams, oysters, squid, octopus, snails
4. Arthropods-bodies divided into segments, legs with
several joints, exoskeleton, (largest subgroup)
• Insects (largest group of animals on land), spiders, crabs, lobsters,
Animals
3%
scorpions, centipedes, millipedes
5. Echinoderms-external skeletons, 5 body parts
97%
• Starfish, sea urchin, sea cucumber, sand dollar
Invertebrates
Vertebrates
ANIMAL KINGDOM:
VERTEBRATES AND INVERTEBRATES
Textbook pages 104-107
1.Create a table that lists: the 5 classes of vertebrates,
characteristics of each, and an example of the animal in the
class.
• mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish
2.Create a table the lists: the 5 classes of invertebrates,
characteristics of each, and an example of the animal in the
class.
• sponges, worms, mollusks, echinoderms, arthropods
FUNGI
• Multi-celled organisms
• Heterotrophs (absorb food from
living or dead organisms)
• Live off dead of living organisms
(like dead trees)-decomposers
• Examples: mushrooms, molds,
mildew, & yeast (single-celled fungi)
Fungi Video 14:43
PROTISTS
• Single celled organisms
• Eukaryotes (have a nucleus)
• Some are heterotrophs, some are autotrophs
• Examples: fungi, protozoa, amoeba, algae,
blue-green algae, diatoms
Protist Video 3:11
MONERANS
• Smallest & most numerous of earth’s organisms
• Simple, singled celled organisms
• Prokaryotes (don’t have a nucleus)
• Heterotrophs AND Autotrophs
• Examples: bacteria & viruses
Bacteria are the most numerous
organisms on earth & live
EVERYWHERE
(even where nothing wants to live!)
Fun Fact!
The total number
of bacteria living in
your mouth is
greater than the
number of people
who have ever have
lived!