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Ancient Greece study guide 1. The word “alphabet” comes from Greek words meaning word and parts 2. Define a Greek “citizen.” Free native-born men over 18 who owned land 3. Fill in the empty box in this chart. Two Kinds of Greek Drama Comedy Tragedy 4. In what way did a boyʼs life in Athens differ from a boyʼs life in Sparta? Athenian boys went to school; Spartan boys served in the military 5. What is an agora? What most likely happened in the agora of Athens? people voted on their leaders 6. How was ancient Greek democracy different from democracy in the United States today? citizens voted directly on all issues 7. The word “philosophy” comes from the Greek word for: “love of wisdom” 8. How was ancient Greek democracy different from American democracy? all citizens voted on every issue 9. What was Alexanderʼs goal for his empire? to bring different cultures together using one government 10.What makes much of Greece a peninsula? surrounded by water on three sides 11.What democratic idea that is important today came from ancient Athens? people should rule themselves 12.What idea did Aristarchus first suggest in ancient Greece? Earth moves around the sun. 13.How did the philosopher Aristotle affect the modern study of plants and animals? He created a system to divide them into groups. 14. How was it possible that different parts of Greece had different forms of government? steep mountains made communication difficult and kept people apart 15.What influence from ancient Greece is visible in this picture of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C.? columns Ancient Greece study guide 16. The ancient Greeks worshiped the sea god Poseidon. What does this tell us about the Greeks? the seas were important to them; used for trade 17. Suppose that an Athenian soldier wrote this passage, about 480 BC: “I will stand shoulder to shoulder with the brave men of Greece -- Spartans as well as my fellow Athenians -- and fight to the death, if that is what it takes to stop the Persians.” What does this passage indicate? Athenians and Spartans would join to fight a common enemy. 18.In what way are many theaters today like the ones in ancient Greece? The rows rise so people can see and hear. 19. What two reasons prevent Greece from using irrigation to farm? no rivers and steep, rocky mountains 20.What is one way the modern Olympics are like those of ancient Greece? an athlete lights a flame. 21. What is a reason the ancient Greeks produced so much olive oil? They could grow olive trees in a small space. 22. Why did early Greek communities sometimes fight each other? they wanted more farmland 23. Which column is exports and which is imports? Exports Imports Pottery Grain Olive Oil Metal 24. Why were some Greek tyrants well liked? they made laws that improved peopleʼs lives 25. How did the Alexander the Great expand Greek borders? by conquering its neighbors Ancient Greece study guide 26. Which form of government in a Greek city-state usually came first? monarchy 27. What kinds of laws did most Greek oligarchs pass? laws that favored the rich 28. Who would have most likely said these words? “I was in the army when people began to complain about members of the government getting richer while everybody else was getting poorer. So I stepped forward, and with the peopleʼs help, I became the leader.” a tyrant 29. Sparta used heavy iron bars as money. What conclusion does this suggest about their trade? Sparta discouraged trade with other city-states. 30. Describe education in Sparta for girls and boys? Both boys and girls got military training. 31. Who won the Persian Wars? Why is this important? Greece won, prevented Persia from taking over Greece 32. Why was the Parthenon built? to honor the goddess Athena 33. Why was Mount Olympus important to the Greeks? They thought the gods lived there. 34. What type of statues did Greek sculptors create? making lifelike statues in natural poses. 35. What was one reason that Greek actors wore masks in ancient Greek theater? Men played female characters. 36. Why is Alexander called “the Great”? He conquered a huge area. 37. What was the lasting influence of Alexanderʼs conquests? the spread of Greek culture 38. Draw an example of a Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian Greek column. 39. Unlike the women of Athens, the women of Sparta could own what? property. 40. Most Greek kings had councils of aristocrats, or groups of people to advise him. Who belonged to these councils? rich men who had land from their families