Download Answer Key Biology 1 Exam 3 Spring 2016

Biology 1 Exam #3 Spring 2016
_______________________________________
Student Name
Lab Session
Welcome to the third exam, worth 100 points. Please read and follow all directions carefully.
You may have only your exam, scantron, and writing utensil on your desk during the exam. You
cannot possess or use any other materials nor may you communicate via any means with anyone
else during the exam. The use/possession of any other materials or communication with anyone
other than the instructor will be considered cheating and will result in failing the exam.
Good luck!
I. Multiple choice. Choose the one correct answer for each of questions 1 through 29 and fill in
your choice on your scantron sheet. (2 points each)
1) Which stage of the cell cycle is NOT part of interphase?
A) G2 phase
B) mitosis
C) S phase
D) G1
2) What is a function of MITOSIS?
A) To allow a single cell to increase to its maximum size
B) To create haploid gametes for sexual reproduction
C) To allow multicellular organisms to grow and replace damaged cells
3) During interphase, ___________________________________.
A) the cell is divided into 2 new identical daughter cells
B) the cell grows, makes proteins, organelles are duplicated, and DNA is replicated
C) the duplicated chromosomes are aligned, separated, and moved to opposite poles of the cell
D) the contents of the nucleus and the cytoplasm are divided
4) What is necessary for a cell to pass the G2 checkpoint?
A) the organelles have successfully duplicated
B) an adequate stockpile of nucleotides
C) accurate and complete DNA replication
D) proper attachment of mitotic spindle fibers to kinetochores on sister chromatids
5) An organism’s traits are determined by the specific combination of inherited ________.
A) genes
B) cells
C) proteins
D) chromatids
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6) A diploid cell has ________ the number of chromosomes as a haploid cell.
A) one-fourth
B) one-half
C) twice
D) four times
7) What is a likely evolutionary advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
A) sexual reproduction involves fewer steps
B) less chance of using up the resources in a given environment
C) sexual reproduction results in greater variation in the offspring
D) sexual reproduction is more cost effective
8) Meiosis produces ________ daughter cells.
A) two unique haploid
B) two identical diploid
C) four identical diploid
D) four unique haploid
9) At which stage of meiosis are sister chromatids separated from each other?
A) prophase I
B) prophase II
C) anaphase I
D) anaphase II
10) If a muscle cell of a typical organism has 32 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be
in a gamete of that same organism?
A) 8
B) 16
C) 32
D) 64
11) What is the reason for doing a test cross?
A) to identify heterozygous individuals with the dominant phenotype
B) to determine which allele is dominant and which is recessive
C) to identify homozygous recessive individuals in the F2
D) to determine if two genes assort independently
12) When a population has a gene with three alleles circulating, how many possible genotypes
are there?
A) 3
B) 6
C) 10
D) 16
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13) If black and white true-breeding mice are mated and the result is all gray offspring, what
inheritance pattern would this be indicative of?
A) dominance
B) codominance
C) multiple alleles
D) incomplete dominance
14) What introduces variation into offspring during sexual reproduction?
A) crossing over
B) random fertilization
C) independent assortment
D) all of the above
15) Hemophilia has X-linked recessive inheritance. A woman carrier has children with a man
without hemophilia. What is the chance that their children will have hemophilia?
A) None of females and half of the males have a chance of getting hemophilia.
B) None of the males and half of the females have a chance of getting hemophilia.
C) All their children have a chance of getting hemophilia.
D) None of their children have a chance of getting hemophilia.
16) What are the types of gametes that can be produced by an individual with the genotype
AaBb?
A) Aa, Bb
B) AA, aa, BB, bb
C) AB, Ab, aB, ab
D) AB, ab
17) Who is considered a "carrier" of an X-linked disorder, such as hemophilia or color
blindness?
A) a person who has the X-linked disorder
B) a heterozygous female who is normal but carries one nonfunctioning allele
C) a homozygous female who carries the normal alleles
D) a male carrying the nonfunctioning allele
E) a male carrying the functioning allele
18) What did Lively (1992) conclude from his study of the Freshwater snail and the parasitic
worm?
A) The parasitic worms selected in favor of sexual reproduction by the snails.
B) The snail density was significantly larger in the stream than in the lake.
C) Parasitic worms ate the gonads of the snails first, because the gonads are high in nutritional
value.
D) The frequency of asexual females was higher in less dense populations of snails, because the
benefit of asexual reproduction is that it allows females to reproduce even when mates are hard
to find.
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19) A person with type A blood has _____antigens on the red blood cells.
A) A
B) O
C) B
D) A and B
20) You are typing an unknown sample of blood. When treated with Anti-B serum, the blood
clots. When treated with Anti-A serum the blood also clots. When treated with the Anti-Rh
serum, the blood does not clot. What is the blood type of the sample?
A) AB+
B) OC) O+
D) AB21) A mother is Rh negative and her husband is Rh positive. If she becomes pregnant with an Rh
positive baby, who is at risk of anemia if the mother is not treated with a medication to destroy
any antibodies that she might produce against Rh positive red blood cells?
A) mother
B) first baby
C) second baby
D) all babies
E) father
22) Two plants, which are heterozygous for a gene that describes flower color, are crossed. What
percentage of their offspring will have the same phenotype as the parents if the trait is inherited
via incomplete dominance?
A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 75%
D) 100%
23) _____________ are changes to the nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein.
A) checkpoints
B) centrosomes
C) gene mutations
D) homologous chromosomes
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24) In the pattern below, males are designated by squares and females by circles. Shaded circles
and squares are affected individuals. A line between a square and a circle represents a union. A
vertical line going downward leads to the offspring. A pedigree shows the pattern of inheritance
for a particular condition. Consider these two possible patterns of inheritance:
Which pattern of inheritance (I or II) pertains to an autosomal dominant characteristic? (Hint:
Both parents of both patterns are heterozygous.)
Hh Hh
Hh
hh
Hh
hh
A) Pattern I
B) pattern II
Matching. For questions 25 through 29 identify the phases of the cell cycle and the specific
phases of mitosis using the onion cells in the picture below.
25) Which cell is in anaphase?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
26) Which cell is in telophase?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
27) Which cell is in metaphase?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
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28) Which cell is in prophase?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
29) Which cell is in interphase?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
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II Definitions. Please define the term below in one sentence or less. (3 points)
1) Theory of Evolution
Descent of organisms from common ancestors with changes in genotype and phenotype.
2) codominant inheritance
In a heterozygote, complete and simultaneous expression of both alleles for the same
characteristic
3) recessive allele
A variant of a gene that is masked by a dominant allele and only expressed if both alleles
are recessive
4) The Law of Independent Assortment
Different chromosomes (and the genes on those chromosomes) assort on the metaphase
plate independently of one another.
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III. Short Answer.
1. In Klingons, wrinkled foreheads are dominant (W) and smooth foreheads are recessive (w). In
addition, green eyes are dominant (G), and yellow eyes are recessive (g). Both of these traits
follow Mendelian genetics (complete dominance). [Remember that parents and offspring are
diploid and need two alleles per trait, and gametes are haploid and have one allele per trait when
completing this question.] (15 points)
A. What is the GENOTYPE of a Klingon mother who is heterozygous for forehead texture and
homozygous for green eyes?
WwGG
B. What are the GENOTYPES of the GAMETES the Klingon mother can produce? (There are
only two possibilities)
WG and wG
C. What is the GENOTYPE of a Klingon father who is homozygous for wrinkled forehead
texture and heterozygous for eye color?
WWGg
D. What are the GENOTYPES of the GAMETES the Klingon father can produce? (There are
only two possibilities)
WG and Wg
E. What are the PHENOTYPES of the possible offspring these two Klingons can produce?
Wrinkled forehead and green eyes
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