Download DNA Test Review Answer Key

TEST REVIEW – DNA
1. Answer the following questions regarding DNA.
a. Overall shape?
Double Helix; Spiral Staircase; Twisted Ladder
b. Nucleotide components?
5-Carbon Sugar, Phosphate Group, Nitrogenous Base
c. Rungs (ladder steps)?
Nitrogenous Bases (A, T, C, G)
d. Backbone?
Sugar, Phosphate
e. Function?
Carry genetic information
f. Location of “the code?”
Nitrogenous Bases (A, T, C, G)
g. How does the code compare among
Same bases, different sequences
different species?
h. What information did Watson and
The initial shape of the double helix.
Crick get from Franklin’s X-ray
photograph?
i. How does eukaryotic DNA differ
from Prokaryotic DNA?
Eukaryotic – linear, in nucleus
Prokaryotic – circular, floats in cytoplasm
2. Why does DNA copy itself? To create an exact copy of the original DNA; pass on genetic information
3. Give the functions for the following;
a. Helicase – unzips/uncoils the DNA strand
b. DNA polymerase – adds nucleotides to the exposed nitrogen bases
4. What is semiconservative replication? DNA strand is ½ old, and ½ new
5. To store and transmit genetic information is the function of what biomolecule? NUCLEIC ACIDS
6. RNA to a protein is called what? TRANSLATION
7. DNA to RNA is called what? TRANSCRIPTION
8. Where does Transcription take place in the cell? NUCLEUS
9. Where does Translation take place in the cell? RIBOSOME
10. What nitrogenous base is not found in DNA, but found in RNA? URACIL
11. A five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base make up what monomer? NUCLEOTIDE
12. What does AGG code for? ARGININE
13. What does TAC code for? METHIONINE
14. How are bone cells different from muscle cells? EXPRESSED BY DIFFERENT GENES
15. What is the final product of transcription? mRNA STRAND
16. What is the final product of translation? PROTEIN/POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN
17. Exposure to red light caused yellow and orange feathers, exposure to green light caused blue and green
feathers. What type of factors caused this change? ENVIRONMENTAL
18. What is responsible for carrying coded information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm? mRNA
19. What is responsible for carrying the amino acid? tRNA
20. What DNA strand is produced from the amino acid Methionine/Start? T A C
21. What RNA strand is produced from the amino acid Serine? A G U / A G C
22. How is the genetic code common to all living organisms? SAME FOUR NITROGENOUS BASES
23. How many strands make up RNA? ONE
24. What does RNA and DNA have in common? BOTH NUCLEIC ACIDS/A, C, G