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1st Quarter Review What is the term for times of extreme cold when great sheets of ice covered parts of the earth? Ice Age What is the term for people who study artifacts and fossils to help them understand the past? Archaeologists What is the term for people who study and write about the human past? Historian What is the term used to describe the taming an animal or plant for use by humans? Domestication What term is used to describe the skilled workers who made metal products, cloth, or pottery? artisans Who wrote a legal code that covered most areas of daily life in Mesopotamia? Hammurabi What is the name of the tribe who settled in Alaska? Inuit What explorer landed in the Americas in 1492? Christopher Columbus What did the Mayans do with their captives from war? Sacrificed them to the gods What is Adobe? sun dried brick What happened to the Maya? They mysteriously disappeared According to scientists, how did people cross from Asia to America? They used a land bridge formed from ice in the Berring Strait Where was the Mayan Civilization located? In a dense tropical rain forest What term describes a line of rulers that passes from father to son? dynasty What is the name for the collection of spells and prayers studied to help obtain the afterlife? The Book of the Dead What is the term for an embalmed body wrapped in cloth strips? Mummy What is the name for a Jewish religious building where they meet on the Sabbath to pray and discuss their religion? synagogue What is the term for food prepared according to Jewish dietary laws? kosher What is the term for a person who claims to be instructed by God to share God’s word? prophet Who led the Israelites out of Egypt and into the Sinai Desert? Moses What is the term for Jewish religious leaders? rabbi Who was the father of the Israelites? Abraham What biblical person was the father of 12 sons whose descendants became the 12 tribes of Israel? Jacob What is the faith of the Israelites? Judaism What terms describe the Nile River? Gentle and dependable What Egyptian invention was used to prevent the pharaoh’s body from decomposing? embalming What is the term for people who study the physical characteristics and cultures of humans and their ancestors? anthropologists What was the rectangular, tiered temple or terraced mound erected by the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians in the center of their cities? ziggurat What is the name for the Sumerian writing system made up of wedge shaped markings? cuneiform What is the name for an independent state made up of a city and the surrounding land and villages? city-state What is a long poem that tells about legendary or heroic deeds? epic What is the term used to describe a period of forced absence from one’s country or homeland? exile What is the name for a Spanish conqueror or soldier in the Americas? conquistador What area is considered the “cradle of civilization”? The Tigris and Euphrates River Valley Who was Hernan Cortes? Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs What is the term for the agreement that God made with Abraham? Covenant What is the name of the Jewish religious text? Torah What term is used to describe the creation of many different types of jobs? specialization What is the name for a weapon, tool, or other item made by humans? artifact Who were the mound builders? An Indian tribal group who built huge mounds of earth in the shape of animals. What is the term for a complex society with government, art, religion, social classes, and writing? civilization What is the longest river in the world? The Nile River What is a proverb? A wise saying What is the name of the earliest period of human history? The Stone Age What is the term for belief in one God? monotheism What is irrigation? Bringing water to a field from another place What two diseases did the Spanish bring into the Americas from Europe? Smallpox and measles