Download Review 2 - Solutions - Mayfield City Schools

Name: __________________
Atomic Structure:
Unit 2 – The Atom
Things you should know can be found on your Achievement Scale.
How can a bunch of protons stay together in the nucleus?
Two electrons will repel or attract.
Strong Nuclear Force
An electron and a proton will repel or attract.
What are the neutrons in the nucleus for? For extra Strong Nuclear Force
1. Proton—c
a. Particles with no charge that exists in the
nucleus of most atoms.
1. Atomic
Number- b
a. Total number of protons and neutrons
in the nucleus of an atom.
2. Neutron – a
b. Center of the atom, contains most of the
atom’s mass.
2. Molecule - e
b. Number of protons in an atom; also
the way the elements are numbered.
3. Electron—f
c. Positively charged particle in the nucleus of
the atom. Determines the element.
3. Compound - d
c. An atom with a different number of
neutrons
4. Nucleus—b
d. The smallest part of an element or molecule.
Building block of all things.
5. Atom— d
8p
9n
d. Two or more elements combined.
e. Negative particles in the nucleus of the atom.
4. Mass Number
-a
f. Negatively charged particle that exists in the
space around the nucleus.
5. Isotope - c
9p
9n
e. Two or more atoms that are combined (can be same two atoms of
same element).
f. Number of electrons in an atom.
Do any of the three atoms on the left represent the
same element?
A&C are both Oxygen
8p
8n
Do any of the three atoms represent isotopes? A&C
are isotopes of Oxygen
Atom A
Atom B
Atom C
Scientists and the Atomic Theory – Know about these scientists and their contributions to the present theory of the atom:
1. Dalton—f
2. Bohr—d
3. Democritus –c
4. Rutherford –a
a. Did gold foil experiment which proved, in
early 1900s, that atoms had a nucleus.
b. Late 1800’s scientist found the electron.
Proposed the Plum pudding or Raison Bread
model of the atom.
Who thought that there had to be a part of matter so small
that it had to be indivisible? - Democritus
c. Greek philosopher that named the smallest part
of matter atoms ba s e d on a t h ou g h t
e x p e r i m e n t . (atomos).
d. Early-1900s scientist that hypothesized
that electrons are in distinct orbits.
e. Scientist that said that atoms can be
5. Thompson—b
Who found that atoms are mostly empty space?
Rutherford
changed chemically.
f. Worked with gases in 1808 and
published theory that atoms were hard
spheres.
Who thought that atoms do not change when chemicals
combine into compounds, they just change places.
Dalton
Who proposed the model of that atom that was like bread
with raisins (electrons) stuck in it? - Thompson
Who used light to figure out that atoms have distinct
orbits? - Bohr
How did the gold foil experiment show that there is a nucleus in the atom?
When alpha particles bounced back from the gold foil that proved there was a
solid center—the nucleus.
Name: __________________
Unit 2 – The Atom
Periodic Table – Be able to find this information from the periodic table: Element Name; Symbol; Atomic Mass; Atomic #.
Given the mass number and name of an element be able to find the number of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Be able to find an element by its group and period.
number of full electron levels; electron level an atom has electrons in.
Find this information for Nitrogen 15:
Find this information for Lithium 7:
Find this information for Chlorine 35:
Symbol:
N
Symbol:
Li
Symbol:
Cl
Mass #:
15
Mass #:
7
Mass #:
35
Atomic #:
7
Atomic #:
3
Atomic #:
17
# of Neutrons:
8
# of Neutrons:
4
# of Neutrons:
18
# of Protons:
7
# of Protons:
3
# of Protons:
17
# of Electrons:
7
# of Electrons:
3
# of Electrons:
17
# of energy levels
with electrons:
2
# of energy levels
with electrons:
2
# of energy levels
with electrons:
3
How many full electron levels does Sulfur have? Two
sodium 23
How many full electron levels? 2
11p
How many electron levels does this
atom have with electrons in them? 3
How many electron levels does carbon have electrons in?
Two (but only one is full)
How many full electron levels does Krypton have?
Four (Krypton completes level four)
What group and period is Argon in?
Find the # of electrons for the following Ion s:
Group: 18
Li (+1): 2 ___
He(0): 2 _____
P (-2): 17 __ _ _
Ar (0): 18______
Cl (-1): 18 ____
Al(+2): 11 ___
C(+4): 2______
O (-2): 10 _____
What about Carbon?
Group: 14
Light –
Period: 3 (row 3)
Period: 2 (row 2)
Know that light comes from or is emitted by electrons changing from higher to lower energy levels.
Know that light is taken in or is absorbed by electrons changing from lower to higher energy levels.
Know that different elements give off different spectrums or colors of light.
Know the order of the spectrum (ROYGBIV) and that the Violet side of the spectrum is higher in energy than the Red side.
What did we do in class to show that different elements have different energy levels? Flame lab.
For the following electron transitions, indicate whether the electron is absorbing energy (A) or emitting energy (E).
1.
E _____
2.
E _____
3.
A _____
4.
A _____
Name: __________________
Unit 2 – The Atom