Download Business Functions and Organisation

Business Functions
and Organisation
Business Functions
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Human Resources
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Sales and Marketing
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Research and Development
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Production/Operations
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Customer Service
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Finance and Accounts
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Administration and IT
Human Resources
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Recruitment and retention
Job descriptions
 Person Specifications
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Dismissal
Redundancy
Motivation
Professional development and training
Health and safety and conditions
at work
Liaison with trade unions
Sales and Marketing
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Market research
Promotion strategies
Pricing strategies
Sales strategies
The sales team
Product – advice on new product
development, product improvement,
extension strategies, target markets
Research and Development
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New product development
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Product improvements
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Competitive advantage
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Value added
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Product testing
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Efficiency gains
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Cost savings
Finance and Accounts
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Cash flow
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Monitoring income/revenue
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Monitoring expenditure
Preparing accounts
Raising finance
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Shares
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Loans
Links with all other functional areas
Production/Operations
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Acquiring resources
Planning output – labour, capital, land
Monitoring costs
Projections on future output
Production methods
Batch
 Flow
 Job
 Cell
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Efficiency
Customer Service
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Monitoring distribution
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After-sales service
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Handling consumer enquiries
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Offering advice to consumers
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Dealing with customer complaints
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Publicity and public relations
Business Organisation
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Organisation by type
Global businesses – complex organisation
structures
 National – organisation possibly stretches
throughout the country
 Regional – could be through a county or
wider area (North West, South East, etc.)
 Local – small organisations serving local area
or community
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Business Organisation
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Authority – the right to make decisions and carry out tasks
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Span of control – the number of people a superior
is responsible for
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Chain of Command – the relationship between different levels
of authority in the business
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Hierarchy – shows the line management
in the business and who has specific responsibilities
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Delegation – authority to carry out actions
passed from superior to subordinate
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Empowerment – giving responsibilities to people
at all levels of the business to make decisions
Administration and IT
•Managing estates – cleaning, health
and safety, maintenance, security
•Reception
•Clerical work – reporting, recording,
record keeping, communication
•Overview of quality control
•Use of IT systems
Organisation Charts
Hierarchical Structure
Managing Director
Marketing
Director
Sales Director
A
B
C
D
Market
Research
Finance Director
Strategy Purchasing Sales
Manager Manager
Accounts
Manager
Organisation Charts
Pyramidal Structure
MD
Senior
Management
Middle
Management
Workers
Organisation Charts
Centralised/Entrepreneurial
Finance
R&D
Production
MD
Marketing
Sales
Organisation Charts
Collaborative
Sales
Accounts
Marketing
Production
Organisation Charts
Circular/Flat
R&D
Marketing
Finance
Sales
Production
Organisation Charts
Matrix Structure
Marketing
Sales
R&D
Project
HR
Production
Finance
Organisation Charts
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Changes to business structures
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Linked to new thinking on leadership and management
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Less hierarchical
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Emphasis on communication
and collaboration between sections
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Global businesses – more complex structures