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Harmony and tonality key words Key Term Diatonic Description Notes of the harmony are within the key Chromatic Notes of the harmony are not constricted to the key Recognition of the relative importance of the notes in the scale Non Ignoring the relative functional importance of the notes in the scale Consonant/ When the notes sound Dissonant pleasing to the ear / When the notes clash Example In the song Hey Jude by the Beatles the harmony is diatonic Bohemian Rhapsody by Queen has a chromatic harmony Functional Ornaments Suspension For example: acciaccatura, appoggiatura, turns and auxiliary notes. These are embellishments that are exempt from the time signature and chord. When a note from a chord is held on to the next chord to create dissonance An example of a consonant chord is a C major triad. An example of a dissonant chord is the Tristan chord. This is acciaccatura This is a turn. An example of suspension is in bar 26 of Bach’s prelude I, where the middle C is held on from the chord of C to the chord of G7sus4. Pedal/drone Note that is sustained over a number of bars Cadences The chord progression at the end of a phrase e.g perfect cadence is V-I Tierce da Picardie The note that makes the last chord in a minor piece into a major chord. Chords A group of more than two notes. Circle of fifths Open /closed harmony Including: Seventh chords – a triad with an added seventh Inversions – changing the order of notes in the chord by changing what note is in the bass Cluster chords – a chord with at least three notes adjacent in the scale A sequence of tones that are all perfect fifths above each other. C maj – no sharps. G maj – one sharp. D maj – two sharps etc. Open is when the notes in a chord are widely spaced – often an octave or more. An example of a drone is in the beatles song ‘Tomorrow Never Knows’ Bach uses a tierce de Picardie in the Prelude and Fugue in C minor for Organ. Closed is when the notes are within one octave generally. Harmony Tonal Atonal Music that is written in a specific key Music that isn’t written in a specific key Having music in two different keys Key / Key Identifies the notes that a signature piece of music is written in e.g major, minor, modal Modulation When a piece changes key Prelude I by Bach is a piece of tonal music. Peripertie by Arnold Schoenberg is a piece of atonal music. Bitonal Accidentals Sharps and flats - # and b etc. In Bach’s Gigue for solo violin in D minor there is a modulation to the dominant major (Amaj).