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THE LEGACY OF CLASSICAL GREECE
IN THIS LESSON, STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY
ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF CLASSICAL GREEK
CIVILIZATION.
DEMOCRACY PARTHENON
PYTHAGORAS
SOCRATES
A classical civilization is a civilization that
has given the world important ideas and
inventions that people still use today.
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PERICLES’ THREE GOALS FOR ATHENS
• WISE STATESMEN, PERICLES LED
ATHENS DURING ITS GOLDEN AGE
POPULAR POLITICIAN, RESPECTFUL
GENERAL, INSPIRING SPEAKER- LED FOR
32 YEARS, KNOWN AS AGE OF PERICLES
HAD 3 GOALS FOR ATHENS:
1) STRENGTHEN ATHENIAN DEMOCRACY
2) TO HOLD AND STRENGTHEN THE
EMPIRE
3) GLORIFY ATHENS
•
•
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#1BECOME
STRENGTHEN
DEMOCRACY
• TO
A STRONGER
DEMOCRACY,
PERICLES INCREASED NUMBER OF PAID PUBLIC
OFFICIALS
• MORE CITIZENS BECAME INVOLVED IN
GOVERNMENT THAN ANY OTHER CITY-STATE,
BUT LIMITED TO CITIZENS
• DIRECT DEMOCRACY- CITIZENS RULE
DIRECTLY, NOT THROUGH REPRESENTATIVES,
IMPORTANT LEGACY TO PERICLES
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#2 HOLD AND STRENGTHEN THE EMPIRE
• PERICLES USED MONEY FROM THE DELIAN
LEAGUE TO BUILD ATHENS’ 200 SHIP NAVY
INTO STRONGEST IN THE MEDITERRANEAN
• STRONG NAVY HELPED STRENGTHEN THE
SAFETY OF THE EMPIRE
• PROSPERITY DEPENDED ON GAINING ACCESS
TO SURROUNDING WATER WAYS AND
OVERSEAS TRADE FOR GRAIN AND OTHER
MATERIALS
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#3 GLORIFY ATHENS
•PERICLES ALSO USED MONEY FROM
DELIAN LEAGUE (WITHOUT APPROVAL)
TO PAY FOR:
1) THE BUILDING OF THE PARTHENONTOOK 15 YEARS FOR A GROUP OF
ARTISANS TO CREATE
2) BUY GOLD, SILVER AND MARBLE
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ARCHITECTURE
•THE GREEKS BUILT TEMPLES WITH
BEAUTIFUL COLUMNS.
•GREEK ARCHITECTURE STILL
INFLUENCES PEOPLE TODAY.
•MANY GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS IN THE
UNITED STATES ARE MODELED AFTER
GREEK TEMPLES.
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The Parthenon was a Greek temple to the
goddess, Athena.
Notice the use of columns.
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CLASSICAL GREEK PHILOSOPHY
• THE ANCIENT GREEKS WERE THE FIRST
STUDENTS OF PHILOSOPHY. THEY WANTED
TO KNOW THE MEANING OF LIFE AND HOW
PEOPLE SHOULD LIVE.
• GREEK PHILOSOPHERS LIKE SOCRATES,
PLATO, AND ARISTOTLE STILL INFLUENCE
PEOPLE TODAY.
• SOCRATES ENCOURAGED PEOPLE TO THINK
FOR THEMSELVES AND TO ASK QUESTIONS.
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THE GREEK MATHEMATICIANS
• THE ANCIENT GREEKS ALSO MADE ADVANCES
IN MATHEMATICS.
• PYTHAGORAS, EUCLID, AND ARCHIMEDES
WERE IMPORTANT GREEK MATHEMATICIANS.
• THE PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM EXAMINES THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE THREE SIDES
OF A RIGHT TRIANGLE.
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The ancient Greeks were the first people
to perform plays and write comedies and
dramas.
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QUESTIONS FOR REFLECTION:
• DEFINE LEGACY.
• LIST TWO IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTIONS OF
•
•
•
THE ANCIENT GREEKS TO THE MODERN
WORLD.
HOW DO GREEK IDEAS CONCERNING
GOVERNMENT STILL INFLUENCE US TODAY?
HOW DO GREEK IDEAS CONCERNING
ARCHITECTURE STILL INFLUENCE US TODAY?
WHY IS ANCIENT GREECE CONSIDERED A
CLASSICAL CIVILIZATION?
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ALEXANDER THE GREAT
IN THIS LESSON, STUDENTS WILL IDENTIFY THE
CONTRIBUTIONS OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT TO
WORLD HISTORY.
STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY AND/OR
DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS:
ALEXANDER THE GREAT
MACEDONIA
HELLENISM
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Greece’s neighbor
to the north is
Macedonia.
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PHILIP II
• PHILIP II WAS A KING OF MACEDONIA.
IN 338
B.C., HE CONQUERED THE GREEK CITYSTATES.
• AFTER HIS SUCCESSFUL CONQUEST OF THE
GREEKS, HE PLANNED TO CONQUER PERSIA.
• HOWEVER, HE DIED BEFORE HE COULD
REALIZE HIS PLAN.
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ALEXANDER THE GREAT
• AFTER THE DEATH OF PHILIP II, HIS SON,
ALEXANDER, SET OUT TO CONQUER THE
WORLD.
• ALEXANDER QUICKLY CONQUERED ASIA
MINOR, EGYPT, AND BABYLON. BY 330 B.C., HE
DEFEATED ALL OF THE PERSIAN ARMIES.
• ALEXANDER MOVED HIS ARMY ALL THE WAY
TO THE INDUS RIVER.
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Alexander the Great was only 32 when
he died. For 13 years, he had ruled
a vast empire.
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After the death of Alexander the Great,
his vast empire was divided among his
generals.
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HELLENISM
• ALEXANDER THE GREAT SPREAD GREEK
CULTURE THROUGHOUT HIS EMPIRE.
• AS GREEK CULTURE SPREAD EASTWARD, IT
BLENDED WITH OTHER CULTURES. THIS
BLEND OF EASTERN AND WESTERN CULTURES
IS CALLED HELLENISM.
• HELLENISM COMES FROM THE GREEK WORD
“HELLAS”, WHICH MEANS “THEIR OWN LAND.”
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Hellenism is a Greek like culture.
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HELLENISTIC CULTURE
• HELLENISTIC CULTURE SHAPED THE MEDITERRANEAN
WORLD FOR NEARLY 300 YEARS.
• HOWEVER, ALEXANDER’S DREAM OF CREATING AN
ENDURING EMPIRE WITH ONE GOVERNMENT DID NOT
COME TRUE.
• AFTER ALEXANDER’S DEATH, THE ROMANS
EVENTUALLY REALIZED THIS DREAM
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Alexander the Great
spread Greek
culture throughout
the Mediterranean
world.
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QUESTIONS FOR REFLECTION:
•WHERE IS MACEDONIA LOCATED?
•LIST TWO ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF
ALEXANDER THE GREAT.
•WHY DID ALEXANDER’S SOLDIERS WANT TO
RETURN HOME AFTER INVADING THE INDUS
RIVER VALLEY?
•WHAT HAPPENED TO ALEXANDER’S EMPIRE
AFTER HIS DEATH? WHY DID THIS HAPPEN?
•DEFINE HELLENISM.
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