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Meiosis “The process of making YOU!” Unit 9: Meiosis Hogue BIO Any cell that is not a reproductive cell in the body. Cells in reproductive organs (ovaries/testes) that develop into gametes. Gametes – sex cells Ova egg Spermatozoa sperm Autosomes and Sex Chromosomes Your body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Homologous chromosomes – have the same structure (size, shape) You inherit one from each parent Autosomes and Sex Chromosomes Chromosome pairs 1-22 are autosomes. Contain gene characteristics not related to sex Widow’s peak, Hitchhiker’s thumb, shape of eyebrows, length of eyelashes, freckles, dimples, etc. Autosomes and Sex Chromosomes Chromosome pair 23 are sex chromosomes, determining the gender in mammals. You will need a blank sheet of paper and pencil. You can ONLY use to complete your key. Fertilization between egg and sperm occurs in sexual reproduction. Diploid (2n) cells have two copies of every chromosome. Body cells are diploid. Half the chromosomes come from each parent. Fertilization between egg and sperm occurs in sexual reproduction. Haploid (n) cells have one copy of every chromosome. Gametes are haploid. Gametes have 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome Survival of organisms depending on the amount of chromosomes. Majority of the time – a rise in chromosome numbers results in harm, however … sometimes a new species can arise. ① Where are germ cells located in the human body? ② What is the difference between an autosome and a sex chromosome? ③ Is the cell that results from fertilization a haploid or diploid cell? Explain. ④ Does mitosis or meiosis occur more frequently in your body? Explain your answer. ⑤ Do you think the Y chromosome contains genes that are critical for an organism’s survival? Explain your reasoning.