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Science 9 Unit 1 Review Biological Diversity 1. What part of the flower produces the male gamete? Which part produces the female gamete? 2. What is the name of the process that produces sex cells. How many cells are produced by this process and how many chromosomes are in each cell? 3. What is the name of the process that produces body cells. How many cells are produced by this process and how many chromosomes are in each cell? 4. What is the difference between artificial and natural selection? Give an example of each. 1 5. What are 3 differences between sexual and asexual reproduction? 6. List 2 positive and 2 negative affects that human activity has on biological diversity. 7. Explain how plants can reproduce sexually and asexually. 8. Black fur color is dominant to white fur color. Draw a punnett square for a cross between a pure bred white cat and a heterozygous black cat. List the percentages of black and white offspring. 2 9. Matching _____Broad niche a. a change in the structure or function of a species that makes the species better able to reproduce and survive _____Narrow niche b. a relationship where one organism benefits by harming the other _____Mutualism c. Natural or accidental changes in genetic information _____Structural Adaptation d. disappearance of a living species of organisms _____Comensalism e. a relationship where both species benefit _____Parasitism f. a type of asexual reproduction where a bud forms on an organism, grows, and eventually breaks away to form a new organism _____Behavioral adaptation g. a highly specialized role or characteristic activity undertaken by an organism in an ecosystem _____Binary Fission h. a trait that shows a range of possibilities _____Budding i. A genetic characteristic that can be passed on from parent to offspring _____Continuous Variations j. an agent that can cause changes in the genetic information of an organism _____Heritable Traits k. the roles or characteristics filled by a generalist organism _____Mutations l. a symbiotic relationship between 2 organism where one organism benefits and the other neither benefits nor loses _____Mutagens m. the splitting of a single celled organism into 2 new organisms _____Extinction n. an inherited behavioral adaptation that helps an organism survive in its environment 3 10. A male sperm unites with a female egg to produce a new individual. Some terms to describe this process are: I. fertilization III. gametes II. embryo IV. Zygote The order in which these stages of development occur is: _____, _____, _____, and _____ 11. Julia collected data on the structure of the human ear from 4 members of her class. Using the following table, which of the following terms describe lobe traits? a. Heritable characteristic and continuous variation Name Type of Lobe Jenn Matt Mia Thai Attached Lobe Free Lobe Attached Lobe Free Lobe b. Heritable characteristic and discrete variation c. Non-heritable characteristic and continuous variation d. Non-heritable characteristic and discrete variation 12. Organism X lives in the body of organism Y. X feeds on the nutrients from the body of Y and causes Y harm. The type of relationship described here is: a. Mutualism b. Parasitism c. Symbiotic d. Commensalism 13. Hydra is a type of organism that reproduces by developing a swelling on the side of its body. Eventually this swelling grows tentacles and starts to feed by itself by catching small water organisms. At this point it breaks off from the mother hydra, floats away, and lands on a surface where it attaches and begins to grow. This type of reproduction is known as: a. b. c. d. Sexual reproduction Binary fissioin Cloning Budding 4 14. The giraffe has developed a long neck so that it can eat the foliage from tall trees when small herbs and shrubs are not available. The long neck of a giraffe is an example of: a. b. c. d. Discrete variation Continuous variation Artificial selection Artificial insemination 15. A red flower and white flower are crossed. The offspring has all red flowers. Which of the following statements are true: a. b. c. d. Red is a recessive trait and white is dominant Red is a dominant trait and white is recessive Red and white are both dominant traits Red and white are both recessive traits 16. Some organisms like jellyfish can reproduce sexually and asexually. An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction: a. b. c. d. Produces identical offspring Produces more offspring Requires only one cell division Provides genetic variation 17. Below are 4 statements about reproduction: w. produces variation for species x. requires specialized reproductive cells y. requires a large amount of energy z. results in individuals that are genetically identical Write the number 1 in the blank if the letter refers to sexual reproduction and the number 2 if the letter refers to asexual reproduction. _____ _____ _____ _____ W X Y Z 5