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What Makes Something Alive? The 8 characteristics of living things 1. Cells All living things contain cells Organisms can be: Unicellular – 1 cell Multicellular – many cells Living things are highly organized: Cells Tissue Organ Organ system Organism 2. Reproduction All living things can reproduce to make more of their species Two types of reproduction: Sexual reproduction – 2 parents Asexual reproduction – 1 parent 3. DNA All living things contain genetic material that they pass on to their offspring This is why children often look like their parents! 4. Growth All living things grow and develop throughout their life 5. Energy All living things need energy in order to survive Two ways to get energy: Plants make it themselves (autotrophic) Animals get it from the food they eat (heterotrophic) 6. Response to Environment/Stimuli Living things respond to changes in their environment Unlike adaptations, these changes are immediate and take place in an individual organism Examples: Blinking, flinching Plants growing towards sunlight 7. Homeostasis Living things must maintain an internal balance in order to survive Some examples are: Shivering to heat up Increasing heart rate when running Thirst response when dehydrated 8. Adaptation to Change Living things change over time This usually takes many generations Adaptations take place in groups of organisms, not individuals Examples: Plants that are adapted to live in the desert Drug resistant bacteria