Download Classifying Organisms

Classifying Organisms
Chapter 2, Section 2
Define taxonomy.
Define taxonomy.
z
Taxonomy is the study of how living things
are classified.
List the eight levels of classification
used by modern biologist.
List the eight levels of classification
used by modern biologist.
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Who developed the system of
classification that biologist use today.
Who developed the system of
classification that biologist use today.
z
Carolus Linneaus
The scientific name for a polar bear is
Ursus maritimus.
z
z
What genus does the polar bear belong?
What species does it belong?
The scientific name for a polar bear is
Ursus maritimus.
z
z
genus = Ursus
species = Urus maritimus
The system of giving an organism a
two-part name is called ____________.
The system of giving an organism a
two-part name is called ____________.
z
binomial nomenclature
Define species.
Define species.
z
A species is a group of similar organisms that
can mate and produce offspring that can also
mate and produce offspring.
List the three domains of living things.
List the three domains of living things.
z
z
z
Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya
Define nucleus.
z
A dense area inside a cell that contain the
cell’s nucleic acid.
How do scientists determine which domain
or kingdom an organism is placed?
How do scientists determine which domain
or kingdom an organism is placed?
z
z
z
Does the cell of the organism have a
nucleus?
Can the organism make its own food?
Does the organism have one cell or many
cells?
An organism that does NOT have a nucleus
in its cell is called a ____________.
An organism that does NOT have a nucleus
in its cell is called a ____________.
z
prokaryote
An organism that does have a nucleus in its
cell is called a ____________.
An organism that does have a nucleus in its
cell is called a ____________.
z
eukaryote
What kinds of organism make up the
kingdom of Fungi?
z
z
z
z
mushroom
mold
mildew
yeast
How is a scientific name written?
How is a scientific name written?
z
A scientific name is written in italics.
The genus name is capitalized.
The specie name is in lower case.
z
Example:
z
z
Homo sapien
Equus caballus
Canis lupis
Bos taurus
(human)
(horse)
(wolf)
(cattle)
True or False?
z
Ursa arctus belongs to the genus arctus.
False
z
Ursa arctus belongs to the genus arctus.
z
It actually belongs to the genus Ursa.
True or False?
z
All animals are multicellular.
True
z
All animals are multicellular.
True or False?
z
All bacteria are prokaryotes.
True
z
All bacteria are prokaryotes.
-- since bacteria do not have a nucleus
True or False?
z
Plants provide food for every heterotroph on
Earth.
False
z
Plants provide food for every heterotroph on
Earth.
Some protists and bacteria can also make their
own food – which provide food for other
organisms.
True or False?
z
Bacteria can be either heterotrophs or
autotrophs.
True
z
Bacteria can be either heterotrophs or
autotrophs.
Some bacteria can make their own food, and
others feed off of dead or decaying matter.
True or False?
z
All animals are prokaryotes.
False
z
All animals are prokaryotes.
Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus. All animals
have a nucleus in their cells.
True or False?
z
All animals are heterotrophs.
True
z
All animals are heterotrophs.
True or False?
z
Some plants are unicellular.
False
z
Some plants are unicellular.
All plants are multicellular.
True or False?
z
The more classification levels that two
organisms share, the more characteristics
they have in common.
True
z
The more classification levels that two
organisms share, the more characteristics
they have in common.
True or False?
z
Bacteria have a cell nucleus.
False
z
Bacteria have a cell nucleus.
Bacteria are very primitive forms of life.
True or False?
z
Bacteria have nucleic acid in their cell.
True
z
Bacteria have nucleic acid in their cell.
Bacteria do not have a nucleus, but they DO
have nucleic acid.
Nucleic acid is the genetic material that allows
all forms of life to reproduce. Bacteria can
reproduce, so they must have nucleic acid.