Download Ecology Clicker Challenge (Final Review)

Ecology Clicker Challenge (Final Review)
1. Secondary succession is most likely to occur
a. after a forest fire.
b. with pioneer species.
c. if a glacier shrinks.
d. on a new volcanic island.
2. Which of the following lists the levels of organization in ecology from largest to smallest?
a.
b.
c.
d.
3. Lichens and mosses that first live in uninhabited areas are examples of
a. non-native species.
c. primary species.
b. pioneer species.
d. secondary species.
4. Hawks and foxes compete to eat field mice. This is a form of
a. interspecific competition.
c. intraspecific predation.
b. competitive exclusion.
d. random dispersion.
5. Which of the following statements about primary succession is true?
a. It begins with a climax community.
b. Small mammals are first to inhabit the area.
c. It only occurs after glaciers retreat.
d. It begins with bare rock and a pioneer species.
6. The reestablishment of a damaged ecosystem in an area where the soil is intact is called
a. primary succession.
c. pioneer succession.
b. secondary succession.
d. symbiotic succession.
7. How do greenhouse gases affect Earth's atmosphere?
a. They cool the atmosphere by allowing heat to escape.
b. They heat the atmosphere by forming holes in the ozone.
c. They block incoming radiation from the sun.
d. They slow the loss of heat by trapping it.
8. Which of the following terms best describes all the bears, squirrels, trees, rocks, and snow that
inhabit one particular area?
a. Biome.
d. Population.
b. Ecosystem.
e. Niche.
c. Community.
9. Aphids eat the sap from plants, then excrete a sticky waste that ants eat. The ants protect the aphids
from their predators. This type of interaction is called
a. competition.
d. symbiosis.
b. commensalism.
e. mutualism.
c. parasitism.
10. Sea stars prey on sea urchins, mussels, and other shellfish that have no other natural predators. If the
sea star is removed from an ecosystem, the mussel population explodes uncontrollably, driving out
most other species, while the sea urchin population destroys coral reefs. For this reason, sea stars
are considered
a. primary consumers.
c. apex predators.
b. a keystone species.
d. a pioneer species.
11. Decomposers are essential in every ecosystem because
a. they are able to create their own energy.
b. they are responsible for recycling nutrients back into the soil.
c. detritivores are not present in each habitat.
d. abiotic factors would not otherwise brake down.
12. Where does the phosphorus cycle take place?
a. In the atmosphere.
b. On the nodules of plant roots.
c. In hydrothermal vents.
d. At and below ground level.
e. In deserts during infiltration.
13. One difference between parasitism and predation is that parasites
a. keep their hosts alive for a period of time.
b. only attack the host from the inside.
c. do very little harm to their hosts.
d. are not very large in size.
14. Which of the following is an example of a BIOTIC factor?
a. Sun.
b. Bacteria.
c. Water.
d. Temperature.
15. What happens during the process of nitrogen fixation?
a. Bacteria change ammonium into nitrate.
b. Bacteria grow on nodules on plant roots.
c. Bacteria absorb ammonia and excrete ammonium.
d. Bacteria convert gaseous nitrogen into ammonia.
16. A sea worm hides in the tube feet of a sea star. The worm benefits by getting a "free ride" and by
consuming the remnants of the sea stars meals. The sea star is not affected.
a. Mutualism
c. Predation
b. Commensalism
d. Competition
17. Food webs are models that show
a. one sequence of producers and consumers.
b. networks of feeding relationships.
c. stored energy in food chains.
d. only primary consumers in an ecosystem.
Use figure 13.4 for the next two questions.
18. What is the term for the trophic level labeled B in the diagram?
a. Producer
b. Primary Consumer
c. Secondary Consumer
d. Tertiary Consumer
e. Herbivore
19. Choose the letter of the trophic level, shown in the pyramid
model, that has the most available energy? D
20. A chemotroph is an organism that
a. Forms carbohydrates using chemicals.
b. Gets energy by eating other organisms.
c. Makes chemicals that absorb sunlight.
d. Uses energy from the sun to form carbohydrates.
21. In the diagram to the right, evaporation and transpiration are
identified by which letters?
a. A & B
b. E & F
c. C & E
d. C & D
e. A & F
22. The European red squirrel population is declining due to competition with the North American gray
squirrel. More than likely this will lead to
a. the red squirrel out competing the grey squirrel.
b. the gray squirrel will move to a different community.
c. the red squirrel will become extinct.
d. the red and grey squirrel becoming ecological equivalents.
e. the population decline of the grey squirrel.
23. What does the diagram in Figure 13.1 show?
a. the nitrogen cycle
b. the water cycle
c. the oxygen cycle
d. the carbon cycle
24. If there is 855, 000 kilocalories at the producer level, how much energy is available to level directly
above it?
a. 8, 550, 000 kilocalories
d. 855 kilocalories
b. 85, 500 kilocalories
c. 8, 550 kilocalories