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Unit 2 - Ecology Chapters 4-5 pg 98-151 Vocabulary: Ecosystem Biotic factor Abiotic factor Organism Species Population Community Habitat Natural selection Evolution Adaptation Artificial Selection Resistance Archaebacteria Eubacteria Fungus Protist Gymnosperm Invertebrate Vertebrate Photosynthesis Producer Consumer Decomposer Cellular respiration Food chain Food web Trophic level Carbon cycle Nitrogen-fixing bacteria Nitrogen cycle Phosphorous cycle Ecological succession Primary succession Secondary succession Pioneer species Climax community Unit Study Guide: 1. What is an ecosystem? 2. List 5 components that an ecosystem must contain to survive indefinitely. 3. What are the levels of organization of living things from largest to smallest? 4. Compare and contrast niche and habitat. 5. What is the difference between adaptation and evolution? 6. Compare and contrast natural selection and artificial selection. 7. Describe the three steps by which a population of insects becomes resistant to pesticide. 8. List the 6 kingdoms of organism and the characteristics of each kingdom. 9. Identify producers, consumers, and decomposers of a forest ecosystem. 10. Compare and contrast a food web and a food chain. 11. If the grass produces 10,000 unit of energy, how much energy is lost from the grass to the snake in the following food chain: grass grasshopper mouse snake? 12. Explain the need for water, carbon, and nitrogen in ecosystem 13. Explain the difference between denitrification and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. 14. What is the difference between primary and secondary succession? 15. Why is the number of trophic levels that can exist limited? 16. Why are decomposers an essential part of an ecosystem? 17. Give an example of a pioneer species. 18. What is a climax community? Give two examples of organisms you would find in one.