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Transcript
The Punic Wars: Rome vs. Carthage http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Mr-Educator-A-Social-Studies-Professional The Punic Wars: Overview: -‐ Dispute over control of _____________ and trade routes in the western ______________ brought _________ into conflict with the powerful North ______________ city-‐state of ______________. -‐ Carthage had been founded as ____________________ colony 500 years earlier -‐ -‐ Result was the ___________ Punic Wars ( _________ -‐_________ BC) The First Punic War was won by ____________________. The _________ Punic War: -‐ Rome would not _____________________ -‐ Primarily a _____________ war -‐ Finally turned tables on Carthage by ________________ rules of naval warfare -‐ Tactics: maneuver ______ to ram and sink enemy -‐ Carthage: very good, ____________ naval power -‐ Equipped ships with huge ________ and stationed soldiers on ships -‐ Rome: _________ navy, __________ experience -‐ Would hook enemy ship, pull nearby, ____________ it with soldiers -‐ _____________ repeatedly by Carthaginian navy -‐ Converted naval warfare into ______________ battles, something _____________ was very good at The __________ Punic War: "Hannibal ad portas" (“_________________________!”) -‐ Carthagian general ______________ surprises Romans, leads army from ___________, through southern France and the __________. -‐ Invades Italy from the __________ with strong _______________ army -‐ Defeats Roman armies sent to stop him _______________ times but _______________ to attack Rome itself -‐ Settles instead on war of _____________ in hope of destroying Roman economic base The ________ Punic War: The second Punic War was won by ____________________. -‐ Unable to defeat Hannibal in Italy, a Roman _____ sailed across the Mediterranean, landed in _____________, and headed for Carthage -‐ Led by _____________ general Scipio Aemilius Africanus -‐ Hannibal forced to leave _________ to protect _______________ -‐ Defeated at the Battle of __________, fought outside the walls of Carthage "I swear that so soon as age will permit . . . I will use __________ and __________ to arrest the destiny of Rome." ! ! ! ~~Childhood Hannibal Quote The Third Punic War was won by ____________________. -‐ Carthage was ____________ after 2nd Punic War -‐ Hannibal committed ________________ -‐ _________________ shattered -‐ Lost all territory to _____________ -‐ Due to Cato’s persistent efforts, Rome declares war against _________________ Carthage -‐ But some Romans feared it might __________ someday and challenge Rome again -‐ Notably _________________________ -‐ Pushed for another war that would wipe Carthage off the face of the _______ -‐ Everything of ___________ carried back to Rome -‐ ___________ easily -‐ Entire population of city sold into ______________ -‐ Everything else burned and dumped into the __________ -‐ Site sown with ______ so that nothing would ever grow there again -‐ Carthage completely ________________ This picture describes the _______________ Punic Wars because . . . This picture describes the _______________ Punic Wars because . . . This picture describes the _______________ Punic Wars because . . . The Punic Wars: KEY Overview: -‐ Dispute over control of Sicily and trade routes in the western Mediterranean brought Rome into conflict with the powerful North African city-‐state of Carthage -‐ Carthage had been founded as Phoenician colony 500 years earlier -‐ -‐ Result was the three Punic Wars (264-‐146 BC) The First Punic War was won by ROME. The First Punic War: -‐ Rome would not surrender -‐ Primarily a naval war -‐ Finally turned tables on Carthage by changing rules of naval warfare -‐ Tactics: maneuver ship to ram and sink enemy -‐ Carthage: very good, experienced naval power -‐ Equipped ships with huge hooks and stationed soldiers on ships -‐ Rome: small navy, little experience -‐ Would hook enemy ship, pull nearby, board it with soldiers -‐ Defeated repeatedly by Carthaginian navy -‐ Converted naval warfare into mini-‐land battles something Rome was very good at The Second Punic War: The second Punic War was won by ROME. "Hannibal ad portas" (“Hannibal is at the Gates!”) -‐ Carthagian general Hannibal surprises Romans, leads army from Spain, through southern France and the Alps -‐ Invades Italy from the north with strong elephant army -‐ Defeats Roman armies sent to stop him several times but hesitates to attack Rome itself -‐ Settles instead on war of attrition in hope of destroying Roman economic base The Third Punic War: -‐ Carthage was finished after Second Punic War -‐ Hannibal committed suicide -‐ Economy shattered -‐ Lost all territory to Rome -‐ But some Romans feared it might revive someday and challenge Rome again -‐ Notably Cato the Elder -‐ Pushed for another war that would wipe Carthage off the face of the map -‐ Unable to defeat Hannibal in Italy, a Roman army sailed across the Mediterranean, landed in North Africa, and headed for Carthage -‐ Led by patrician general Scipio Aemilius Africanus -‐ Hannibal forced to leave Italy to protect Carthage -‐ Defeated at the Battle of Zama, fought outside the walls of Carthage "I swear that so soon as age will permit . . . I will use fire and steel to arrest the destiny of Rome." ! ! ! ~~Childhood Hannibal Quote The Third Punic War was won by ROME. -‐ Due to Cato’s persistent efforts, Rome declares war against defenseless Carthage -‐ Wins easily -‐ Entire population of city sold into slavery -‐ Everything of value carried back to Rome -‐ Everything else burned and dumped into the sea -‐ Site sown with salt so that nothing would ever grow there again -‐ Carthage completely disappeared
