* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Lesson 52 Notes
Chinese grammar wikipedia , lookup
Modern Greek grammar wikipedia , lookup
French grammar wikipedia , lookup
Scottish Gaelic grammar wikipedia , lookup
Kannada grammar wikipedia , lookup
Ojibwe grammar wikipedia , lookup
Lithuanian grammar wikipedia , lookup
English clause syntax wikipedia , lookup
Udmurt grammar wikipedia , lookup
Portuguese grammar wikipedia , lookup
Navajo grammar wikipedia , lookup
Old Irish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Macedonian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Polish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Ukrainian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Japanese grammar wikipedia , lookup
Modern Hebrew grammar wikipedia , lookup
Proto-Indo-European verbs wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek grammar wikipedia , lookup
Latin syntax wikipedia , lookup
Old Norse morphology wikipedia , lookup
Spanish verbs wikipedia , lookup
Lexical semantics wikipedia , lookup
Georgian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Germanic weak verb wikipedia , lookup
Latin conjugation wikipedia , lookup
Germanic strong verb wikipedia , lookup
Russian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Swedish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek verbs wikipedia , lookup
Yiddish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Sotho verbs wikipedia , lookup
Icelandic grammar wikipedia , lookup
Old English grammar wikipedia , lookup
Serbo-Croatian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Pipil grammar wikipedia , lookup
Dutch conjugation wikipedia , lookup
German verbs wikipedia , lookup
CoffeeBreakSpanish.com In this edition: completing our discussion of the present tense Lesson 52 Notes ¡Practiquemos los verbos! Present tense verbs: review Programme Notes Coffee Break Spanish notes guide you through the content of each lesson. This lesson reviews everything you need to know at this stage about the present tense, and introduces -er and -ir verbs. Review of -ar verbs We’ve already come across regular -ar verbs on a number of occasions. We’ll take this opportunity to review the formation of these verbs to allow us to compare them against the -er and -ir verbs we’ll come across later. hablar - to speak hablo hablamos hablas habláis habla hablan The other regular verb conjugations In addition to -ar verbs, there are two other conjugations of regular verbs in Spanish, namely -er and -ir verbs. Consider the following examples carefully: comer - to eat como comemos comes coméis come comen Note that the -e- of the infinitive comer results in the -e- used in comes, come, comemos, coméis and comen, just as the -a- of hablar is reflected in habla, hablas, hablamos, habláis and hablan. Other -er verbs include the following: Examples of -er verbs which are regular in the present tense Coffee Break Spanish: Lesson 52 vender to sell beber to drink page 1 comprender to understand creer to believe romper to break aprender to learn Note also the use of vender in the following contexts: se vende esta casa literally, “this house sells itself” this house is for sale se venden apartamentos literally, “apartments sell themselves” apartments are for sale / we sell apartments / you can buy apartments here The final conjugation is -ir. Consider the example of vivir in the table below: vivir - to live vivo vivimos vives vivís vive viven Listed below are further examples of regular -ir verbs. Examples of -ir verbs which are regular in the present tense abrir to open cubrir to cover decidir to decide escribir to write sufrir to suffer A review of radical changing verbs Remember that radical-changing verbs change their vowel in parts 1, 2, 3 and 6. The common changes are from -o- in the infinitive to -ue- in the conjugated verb, and -e- in the infinitive to -ie- in the conjugated verb. You may also come across radical changes from -e- to -i- in examples such as pedir. The three tables below give full conjugations for your information. poder - to be able to Coffee Break Spanish: Lesson 52 puedo podemos puedes podéis puede pueden page 2 pensar - to think pienso pensamos piensas pensáis piensa piensan pedir - to ask (for) pido pedimos pides pedís pide piden Present tense reflexive verbs: review Finally in this lesson, let us review a reflexive verb in its full conjugation. Remember that with a reflexive verb, both the verb ending and the reflexive pronoun must agree with the subject. The example which follows is a radical-changing -ir reflexive verb. dormirse - to go to sleep me duermo nos dormimos te duermes os dormís se duerme se duermen That’s really as much as you need to know about verbs in the present tense, including the irregular verbs we’ve already covered, eg. ser, ir, etc. In the next lesson we’ll begin to look at events in the past, so it’s important that you feel completely confident about the present tense before moving on. Bonus podcast: answers The bonus podcast for lesson 52 included a short test, using the additional -er and -ir verbs we listed above. Here are the answers to the quiz: 1. abrimos la puerta - we open the door 2. sufren mucho - they suffer a lot 3. ¿me crees? - do you believe me? 4. beben un café - they drink a coffee 5. ¿vendéis la casa? - are you (informal, plural) selling the house? 6. María comprende el catalán - María understands Catalan 7. ¿come usted carne? - do you (singular, formal) eat meat? 8. escribimos una carta a nuestra madre - we write a letter to our mother Coffee Break Spanish: Lesson 52 page 3