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EX AM 3
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T E A M S R E A DY ?
Darwinian
Evolution
Ecology
Big Words
Misc
100
100
100
100
200
200
200
200
300
300
300
300
400
400
400
400
500
500
500
500
Darwinian Evolution 100
What is Darwinian Fitness?
Being fit means that one is best
adapted to its environment, meaning
higher survival rate
Darwinian Evolution 200
What are the 3 observations that
Darwin made when studying in the
Galapagos?
1. Organisms had characteristics that made them
well suited for their environment
2. Species that are geographically close together
resemble one another
3. Similarities between fossils and living organisms
are found in the same area
Darwinian Evolution 300
What are the two findings of Darwin?
Explain each and give a brief example
1. Descent with modification: species descend from one
ancestor, descendants have accumulated adaptations
to help them in their environment
2. Natural selection: the mechanism for descent with
modification
Darwinian Evolution 400
What is the difference between
homologous structures and analogous
structures?
Analogous structures are those that look similar
but are not from a common ancestor, and
homologous structures look similar but are
from a common ancestor (explains whales, bats,
and humans having similar limb bones)
Darwinian Evolution 500
Give the two men’s names and
their findings that helped guide
Darwin in his study and how.
Lyell: gradualism (earth is sculpted by a gradual
geological process
Lamarck: stated the hypothesis of evolution
(adaptations can allow an individual success
based on the environment and are passed on
Ecology 100
How many types of study of ecology
are there? List them and briefly
describe each
Individual, Population,
Community, and Ecosystem
Ecology 200
What is a niche? What are abiotic
and biotic factors that could
affect a niche?
A specific location where an organism lives
based on its needs. Some biotic factors
could include plants and animals around
the niche, and abiotic factors could be
things such as trees, soil, rocks, burrows,
and streams
Ecology 300
Define parasitism, commensalism,
and mutualism
Parasitism: when one benefits and host is
harmed
Commensalism: when one benefits and the
other is not affected
Mutualism: when both are benefitted in the
relationship
Ecology 400
What is species diversity?
What do we use this to
study?
It is the diversity in an ecosystem, it
measures richness. We can use this to
study trophic levels and energy flow
between them
Ecology 500
Suppose that there are two species of
starfish competing for a section of sea
floor. What type of competition is this?
What are the two outcomes?
This is an example of interspecies
competition and it could result in
them growing together or growing
separately.
Big Words 100
Define evolution
A phenomenon when a species gains
adaptations that help to survive in its
environment (better survivalsuccessful
reproduction
Big Words 200
Define/explain abiotic and biotic
Biotic: living things (flora and fauna)
Abiotic: non-living things (temp, humidity,
soil…)
Big Words 300
Define character displacement
Differences between species who
overlap geographically can be
accentuated where the two species
co-exist
Big Words 400
Define angiosperm and gymnosperm
Angiosperm: flowering plant
Gymnosperm: produce cones, not
flowers
Big Words 500
Define the bottle neck effect and
the founder effect
Bottle neck effect: reduction in population
size due to some natural disaster
Founder effect: new population started by
individuals moving to a new location
BONUS!
For 200 points, tell me what
mechanism of evolution the
bottle neck effect and the
founder effect are under. And
give a definition of it!
Mechanism: Genetic Drift
Defintion: a change in the
gene pool of a small
population due to chance
Misc 100
What are the 3 types
of genetic variation?
1. Mutation
2. Gene duplication
3. Sexual reproduction
Misc 200
What should the energy flow
chart through trophic levels look
like? Who has the most energy?
Sunprimary producerprimary
consumersecondary consumertertiary
consumer
The sun has the most energy and the primary
producers have the most energy as an organism
(direct energy uptake)
Misc 300
What is the alteration of
generations?
Gametophytegametezygotesporophyte
spore
Gametophyte makes gametes through
mitosis and sporophyte makes spores
through meiosis
Misc 400
You study caterpillars, a population of
200 of them. 98 caterpillars show a
dominant trait. Find the percentage
of how many that are heterozygous
Remember p+q=1!
Heterzoygous
caterpillars= 42%
Misc 500
You have 100 roses: 62 are red, 32 are pink, and 2
are white. Find the allele frequencies of all
CR= (2*62+36)/200=0.8
CW= (2*2+36)/200=0.2
Check your work!
Does p+q=1? YES (0.8+0.2=1)