Download GEOLOGY EXAM IS ___Weds. 11/28

Geology Study Guide
Things to study:
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Chapter 10 & 11 bookwork packet
Worksheets, foldable, and notes
Take practice quizzes on my website
THIS STUDY GUIDE!
vocabulary below (make flashcards for +5)
make sure you know the following plates:
o academic knows the 7 MAJOR plates
o GT knows the 14 plates MAJOR and MINOR
Vocabulary:
Cementation
Cleavage
Convergent boundary
Crust
Deposition
Divergent boundary
Extrusive Igneous
Fracture
Gemstone
Geology
Grain
Hardness
Igneous
Inner core
Intrusive Igneous
Lava
Lithosphere
Magma
Mantle
Metamorphic
Mineral
Moh's hardness scale
Outer core
Plate tectonic theory
GEOLOGY EXAM IS ___Weds. 11/28____
Review sessions are _______________________________
Flashcards are due ____ Weds. 11/28_______
Study Guide due ____Mon. 11/26_______
Rock
Rock cycle
Sediment
Sedimentary
Streak
Transform boundary
Inside Earth
Understanding Main Ideas
Fill in the blanks in the table below.
Layer of Earth
1.
Mantle
3.
4.
Description
Outer layer of solid rock surrounding the
surface
Hot but mostly 2. _______________________
material surrounding the core
Hot liquid layer of iron and nickel
Hot, 5. _________________________ layer of
iron and nickel
6. What conditions and forces do geologists study?
7. Explain convection currents…
Building Vocabulary
Fill in the blank to complete each statement.
8. The material that makes up Earth’s hard outer surface is____________________________.
9. The science of _____________________________is the study of planet Earth.
10. The ___________________________includes the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust.
11 Scientists who study Earth and the processes that shape it are known as _____________________________.
Directions: Use the chart to answer the questions below
1. Name one mineral that you can scratch
with your fingernail.
2. Which mineral can scratch anything?
3. Which object can scratch feldspar but
not quartz?
4. Which object can scratch apatite but not
feldspar?
Minerals
Understanding Main Ideas
Answer the following questions.
1. List five characteristics that minerals share.
a. _________________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________________________
d. _________________________________________________________________________
e. _________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe two ways in which minerals can form.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Building Vocabulary
If the statement is true, write true. If it is false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement true.
_________________ 3. Formed in the mantle, molten material called lava cools to form minerals below Earth’s
surface.
_________________ 4. Narrow bands of mineral called veins form underground from solutions.
_________________ 5. The repeating pattern of atoms in a mineral form a solid known as a fracture.
_________________ 6. The color of a mineral’s powder is known as luster.
_________________ 7. The density of a mineral is how much mass is contained in a given volume of that
mineral.
_________________ 8. Its beauty and hardness are two reasons why a gemstone is a valued mineral.
_________________ 9. Minerals that form irregular surfaces when they break apart have a property called
cleavage.
Rocks and the Rock Cycle
Understanding Main Ideas
Answer the following questions.
1. Name the three major groups of rocks.
__________________________________________________________________________
2. What type of rock forms when heat and pressure below Earth’s surface changes rock?
__________________________________________________________________________
3. How do sedimentary rocks form?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
4. What is the rock cycle?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Building Vocabulary
Match each term with its definition by writing the letter of the correct definition in the right column on the line
beside the term in the left column.
________ 5. intrusive rock
a. solid material made up of one or more minerals
________ 6. deposition
b. one of the particles that make up a rock
________ 7. grain
c. forms when magma cools and hardens
________ 8. rock
d. size, shape, and arrangement of grains
________ 9. texture
e. forms when lava cools and hardens
________ 10. extrusive rock
f. process that moves sediment from place to place
________ 11. sediment
g. process in which sediment is laid down
________ 12. erosion
h. rock particles or material from living things
Write the letter or letters in the appropriate circle of the diagram below.
a. Cementation and compaction (lithification)
b. Heat and Pressure
c. Weathering, erosion, deposition
d. Cooling and solidification
e. Melting
Plate Tectonics
1. What is the theory of plate tectonics?
2. What are the 3 types of movement at the plate boundaries?
Building Vocabulary
3. Cracks between the plates of Earth’s lithosphere are known as_____________________________.
4. The lithosphere is broken into pieces, called _____________________________, that move over Earth’s
surface.
5. The great landmass called ________________________________ formed millions of years ago when the
continents collided.
Plate Tectonics
1. ACADEMIC - Label the 7 major plates
2. Divergent boundary
a. Define/explain:
b. What types of landforms are created?
c. Name a SPECIFIC example on our planet:
3. Convergent boundary
a. Define/explain:
b. What types of landforms are created?
c. Name a SPECIFIC example on our planet:
4. Transform boundary
a. Define/explain:
b. What types of landforms are created?
c. Name a SPECIFIC example on our planet:
GT – Label them ALL
Rock Cycle in Earth’s Crust
Use this rock cycle diagram to
answer the questions below.
Follow the arrows carefully!
1. As magma cools, it forms _____________________ rock by the process of ________________________.
2. Igneous rocks can form metamorphic rocks, sediments and _________________.
3. Sediments are made from the process of ______________________ and ______________________.
4. Sediments form sedimentary rocks by the process of _____________________, ______________________,
____________________, and________________________.
5. Sedimentary rocks can form _______________rocks, sediments, and _______________.
6. Which processes changes igneous rock into metamorphic rock? ______________ and ________________
7. Which process changes sedimentary rock into magma? ________________________
8. Which processes changes metamorphic rock into sediments? ________________ and _________________
9. Metamorphism involves adding _________________ and/or _________________ to pre-existing rocks.
10. Compaction & cementation of sediments forms ________________________ rocks.
11. Solidification of magma forms ______________________ rocks.
12. Deposition and burial of sediments forms _________________________ rocks.
13. Heat & Pressure acting on igneous rocks forms _________________________rocks.
14. Solid magma forms ____________________________rocks.
15. In order to form magma, what must happen to sedimentary, metamorphic,
or igneous rocks? _______________________________________
16. Can sedimentary rock form directly from metamorphic rock?
A. Yes, sedimentary rock can go through heat and pressure to become metamorphic rock.
B. No, metamorphic rock must go through weathering and erosion to become sediments before it may
become sedimentary rock.
C. No, metamorphic rock must melt before it can become sedimentary rock.