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Transcript
Unit: Chemistry Notes: Bohr Models Let’s look at the element Magnesium or Mg. 12 Atomic Number Mg Symbol Magnesium Atomic Mass or Mass Number 24.31 A 12 = = p 12 = = e 12 M 24 - A 12 = = n 12 By using A=p=e M-A=n, we are able to determine that Magnesium has 12 protons, 12 electrons and 12 neutrons. When drawing Bohr models, protons and neutrons are placed in the nucleus. Electrons are placed in energy levels (orbitals) outside the nucleus. 2 electrons can fit in the first energy level. 8 electrons can fit in the second energy level. 18 electrons can fit in the third energy level. Valence Electrons – electrons found in the outermost energy levels. Magnesium has 2 valence electrons. Rule of Eight – Elements that have the maximum number of electrons in their outermost energy levels (energy levels are full) are mostly non-reactive or inert. Advantages of a Bohr Model The model shows the number and the location of protons, neutrons and electrons in the atom. Limitations of a Bohr Model The model does not show the approximate size of each subatomic particle or any movement. For more information, you can read pages 36-49 in your Glencoe Science Book.