Download STUDY GUIDE Earthquake Information

NAME _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DATE _ _ _ _ _ _ CLASS __________
STUDY GUIDE
Chapter 14.
Earthquake Information Text Pages 366-37'"
Solve the crossword puzzle by using the clues provided.
5.
7.
Across
1. These move by giving particles a circular
motion and are generated by energy that
travels outward from the epicenter.
(2 words)
5. This is the name for the boundary between
Earth's crust and the upper mantle.
(2 words)
6. Area where no seismic waves are detected
(2 words)
7. These move through Earth by causing
particles to move at right angles to the
waves' direction. (2 words)
Down
1. These are forms of energy that are pro­
duced at an earthquake's point of origin
and travel outward. (2 words)
2. This is the point in Earth's interior where
the energy of an earthquake is released.
3. These cause particles to move back and
forth in the same direction the waves are
moving. (2 words)
4. This is the point on Earth's surface directly
above an earthquake's point of origin.
Identify points A and B on the illustration. One is
the epicenter ofan earthquake, and one is the focus.
A
B
A.
B. __________________________________
Copyright Glencoe Division of Macmillan/McGraw-Hili Users of Merrill Eorlb Science hove the publisher's permission to reproduce this page. 59
NAME _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DATE _ _ _ _ _ _ CLASS _ _ _ _ _ _ __ STUDY GUIDE
Chapter 14 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics Text Pages 360-364
On the line above each illustration, label the type offault shown-normal fault, reverse fault, and strike-slip
fault. Then below each illustration put the numbers offault's characteristics from the list.
1. Tension pulls rocks apart.
2. Compression pushes rocks in.
3. Shearing forces push rocks from different, but not oppo­
site, directions. 4. This kind of fault occurs at transformfault boundaries.
5. This kind of fault occurs at divergent plate boundaries.
6. This kind of fault occurs at convergent plate boundaries.
7. Rocks above the fault surface are forced up and over the rocks below the fault surface. 8. Rocks above the fault surface move downward in relation to rocks below the fault surface. 9. Rocks on either side of the fault boundary move past each other without much upward or downward movement. 10. Many of these faults occurred when the Sierra Nevadas
were formed.
11. The Himalaya Mountains contain many of these faults:
12. The San Andreas fault is an example of this kind of fault.
13. Rocks become twisted and strained when they snag
each other.
"'8
Copyright Glencoe Division of Macmillan/McGraw-Hili
Users of Merrill Earth Science have the publisher's p6nnission to reproduce this page.
NAME
DATE
CLASS
I 12
g
• Volcanoes and Earth's
Moving Plates
Write the term or phrase that matches each definition below. Use the letters in the boxes to answer Item 14.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
D----­
0--­
__ D__
_---D­
_' ----D
---D-­
D­
D­
D
9.
D­ 10.
O
D­
12.
_. D
13.
1. Structures in Earth that move on the asthenosphere
2. Magma that flows out onto Earth 's surface
3. Opening at the top of a volcano's vent
4. Long, deep cracks formed when plates separate
5. The state of volcanoes currently spewing smoke, ash, steam, cinders, and/ or lava
6. The state of volcanoes not currently active
7. Area around Pacific Plate where earthquakes and volcanoes are common, the Pacific
8. Openings in Earth 's crust that allow magma to reach the surface
9. Type of boundary where plates separate
10. Melted rock deep inside Earth
11. Type of boundary where one plate slides under another plate
12. Mountain formed from layers of lava and volcanic ash
13. Area in Earth 's mantle hot enough to melt rock into magma and create volcanoes
14. What process helps in the formation of volcanoes?
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw·Hm, a division 01 The McGraw·HiII Companies, fnc.
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..
_ -- -­
41
DATE
NAME CLASS
•
g
• Eruptions and Forms of
Volcanoes
Solve the crossword puzzle by using the definitions provided as clues.
~
-
-
~
-
3.
-
6.
-
8
1
7.
.
I
I
's.­
I I
I
I
10
r-­
r-­
rg:­
r-­
-
'--­
--'­
r-­
.
-
,--­
11.
r-­
r-­
I
1
-
~
I I
I
-
Across
3. Smallest-sized tephra
6. Type of magma containing a lot of silica and
water vapor
8. Volcano made of alternating layers of lava
and tephra
Down
1. Steep-sided volcano made of tephra (2 words) 2. Type of magma containing little silica
4. Mineral that affects the thickness of magma
5. Medium-sized tephra
10. Volcanic material thrown out during
eruptions
7. Larger-sized tephra
11. Substances that affect the explosiveness of
9. Broad volcano made of flat layers of basaltic
lava
volcanic eruptions
Answer the question in the space provided.
12. Two important factors determine whether an eruption will be explosive or quiet. What are they?
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw·Hm, a division of The M cGraw·Hin Companies, Inc.
43
,- - - ­
Date
Name Workbook Activity
Period
7
Mountains
Directions Write each answer from the Answer Bank in the correct part of the table.
Answer Bank
• Cascnde Range • folding
• Continental plates collide,
bending ro ck layers.
• Grand Tetons
• The ea rth's crust breaks, and
blocks of rock rise.
• fault
• Himalayas
• One plate sinks beneath ano ther
or tw o plates separate.
• volcanic
Ways Mountains Form
Type of Formation
Force Causing Formation
Example
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Directions 10-15. Draw lines to connect each fault diagram with its name on the
left and its description on the right.
strike-slip fault
Overhanging block of
rock is raised.
norinal fault
Blocks of rock slide past each other.
reverse fault
Overhanging block of
rock slides down.
©AGS Publishing. Pennission is gran ted to reproduce for class room use on ly. ~
Earth Science
r- ··-­
Name
Date
Workbook Activity
Period
,
Eart hquakes: Term s Review
Directions Draw lines to connect each earthquake wave with its description.
1. P-wave
fastest, causes rocks to vibrate back and forth
2. L-wave
slower, causes rocks to vibrate up and down
3. $-wave
slowest, causes the ground to twist and bend
Directions Match each term with its defmition. Write the letter of the correct definition on the line.
-
4. focus
A theory that the earth's landmasses move
5. epicenter
B circular motion of a gas or liquid as it heats
6. Pangaea
C earthquake's origin inside the earth
7. seismograph
D mountain formed when magma erupts
8. volcano
E shaking of the earth's crust
9. plate tectonics
F
theory that the earth's crust is made of moving sections
10. tsunami
G large ocean wave caused by an earthquake
11. folding
H point directly over the focus of an earthquake
12. sea-floor spreading
theory that new crust forms at mid-ocean ridges
13. continental drift
J name of the scale that measures earthquake strength
14. vent
K instrument that detects earthquake waves
15. convection current
L
16. earthquake
M process in which rock layers bend under pressure
17. Richter
N single landmass that separated into continents
opening at the top of a volcano
Directions Write the terms from the Word Bank in the correct boxes below.
Word Bank
cinder cone
composite
18. Faults
mantle
normal
core
crust
19. Volcanoes
•
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•
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©AGS Publishing. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use only.
reverse
shield
strike-slip
20. The Earth's layers
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Earth Science