Download Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, Volcanoes Study Guide 1. The

Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, Volcanoes Study Guide
1. The youngest part of the ocean floor is found ____.
2. At an oceanic-oceanic convergent boundary, ____.
3. Convection currents transfer thermal energy ____.
4. The downward movement of a convection current causes a sinking force that ____.
5. Many early mapmakers thought Earth’s continents had moved based on ____.
6. Compared to ocean crust near deep-sea trenches, crust near ocean ridges is ____.
7. Features found at divergent boundaries include ____.
8. Continental-continental plate collisions produce ____.
9. Crust is neither destroyed nor formed along which of the following boundaries?
10. One of the driving forces of tectonic plates are related to convection currents in Earth’s ____.
11. A vast, underwater mountain chain forms at a(n) _________.
12. A narrow, elongated depression in the seafloor is called a(n) _________.
13.
According to the diagram, which Hawaiian Island is the oldest?
Which island is the youngest?
14. Which of the following are landscape features associated with volcanoes?
a.
uplift, erosion, weathering, and deposition
b.
strike-slip faults and valleys
c.
vents, craters, and calderas
d.
batholiths, stocks, sills, dikes, and laccoliths
15. The stress which causes a material to twist is known as ____.
16. The stress which causes a material to pull apart is known as ____.
17. P-waves and S-waves are also known as ____.
18. At which point will the most building damage happen as a result of the earthquake likely occur?
19. What is true about the focus?
a.
It is the point where the most surface damage will occur.
b.
It is the point where the surface waves originate and spread out.
c.
It is the point where the waves are attracted.
d.
It is the point of failure where the waves originate.
20. Which type of material would be best to use for construction in an area prone to earthquakes?
21. Seismologists have assessed a particular area and predict that an earthquake occurs every 17 years in that area. If the
last earthquake occurred in 2008, when will the next earthquake most likely occur?
22. The San Andreas Fault, a result of horizontal shear, is a ____ fault.
23. A numerical scale of earthquake magnitude based on damage that uses roman numerals.
24. Deaths associated with earthquakes in sloping areas can result from ____.
25. Which will most likely form when movement along a plate boundary forces a landmass to be pulled apart?
26. Which will most likely occur before a volcanic eruption?
27.
1.
2.
3.
_____ Hot magma fills the gap that forms at the ridge.
_____ The magma hardens, to form a small amount of ocean floor.
_____ Hot magma is forced toward crust along an ocean ridge.
28.
_____
_____
_____
_____
Subduction zone
Rift valley
Volcanoes
Highly-folded mountains
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
crater/vent
pyroclastic flow/lava
ash cloud
conduit
magma chamber
29.
30.
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
experiences only horizontal movement
two trees formerly side by side become closer after faulting
the San Andreas Fault in California
experiences tension from stretching
seen near convergent plate boundaries