Download Teaching Cells and Things

TEACHING
GUIDE
TEACHING
Cells and
Things
5th Grade Reading Level
ISBN 978-0-8225-5486-8 Green
2
TEACHING
CELLS AND THINGS
Standards
Life Science
• Knows about the diversity and unity that characterize life.
• Understands the genetic basis for the transfer of biological characteristics from one
generation to the next.
• Knows the general structure and function of cells in organisms.
• Understands the basic concepts of the evolution of species.
Thinking and
Reasoning
• Effectively uses mental processes that are based on identifying similarities and
differences (compares, contrasts, classifies).
Writing
• Demonstrates competence in the general skills and strategies of the writing process.
• Demonstrates competence in the stylistic and rhetorical aspects of writing.
• Uses grammatical and mechanical conventions in written compositions.
• Gathers and uses information for research purposes.
Reading
• Demonstrates competence in the general skills and strategies of the reading process.
• Demonstrates competence in the general skills and strategies for reading a variety of
informational texts.
Multiple Intelligences Utilized
• Spatial, linguistic, logical-mathematical, interpersonal, and intrapersonal
Copyright © 2004 by Lerner Publishing Group, Inc.
All rights reserved. International copyright secured. Student pages may be
reproduced by the classroom teacher for classroom use only, not for commercial
resale. No other part of this teaching guide may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the prior written
permission of Lerner Publishing Group, Inc., except for the inclusion of brief
quotations in an acknowledged review.
LernerClassroom
A division of Lerner Publishing Group, Inc.
241 First Avenue North
Minneapolis, MN 55401 U.S.A.
800-328-4929
Website address: www.lernerclassroom.com
Manufactured in the United States of America
2 3 4 5 6 7 — IG — 12 11 10 09 08 07
Books in the Cells and Things
series include:
Amazing Schemes Within
Your Genes
Cells Are Us
Cell Wars
DNA is Here to Stay
TEACHING
CELLS AND THINGS
Project Guide:
Inside Us
Fiction Report p. 11, Project Evaluation Form p. 5,
and Student Writing Goals p. 6 for each student.
• Read the Cells and Things books.
Purpose: Students will learn about cells and genes.
Students will apply the writing process by writing a
science fiction report about cells or genes.
Pretest
(class)
• Discuss what students know about cells.
Materials
• Cells and Things
series
• pencils or pens
• paper
• The Cast of
Characters pp. 7–10
• Cell Division
pp. 13–14
• The Defenders and
the Building Blocks
pp. 15–16
• Writing A Science
Fiction Report p. 11
• dictionary
• thesaurus
• Cell Structure p. 12
• Project Evaluation
Form p. 5
• Student Writing
Goals p. 6
Objectives
• Recall information from books.
• Explain the processes involved in cell division, DNA
replication, and autoimmune defense.
• Dramatize one of the above processes using
descriptive language, analogies, and personification.
• Relate real cell functions to a creative science fiction
report.
• Construct charts and diagrams illustrating cell and
gene functions.
• Judge how accurately a science fiction report mirrors
real world cell functions.
Activity Procedures
Prepare
(teacher)
• Copy Cell Structure p. 12, Cell Division pp. 13–14,
The Defenders and the Building Blocks pp. 15–16,
The Cast of Characters pp. 7–10, Writing A Science
Read
(teacher, class, partner)
• Read the Cells and Things series.
Model
(teacher)
• Demonstrate each step of Writing A Science Fiction
Report p. 11. This may take several days.
Practice
(student)
• Complete The Cast of Characters pp. 7–10. (Each
student should pick one of the papers to complete.)
• Write a science fiction report using the information
gathered from the Cells and Things books and The
Cast of Characters pp. 7–10.
• Complete Cell Division pp. 13–14, The Defenders
and Building Blocks pp. 15–16, and Cell Structure
p. 12.
Discuss
(teacher, group)
• Each day, discuss science concepts students had
questions about or difficulty understanding in their
readings.
• Teacher and students could brainstorm helpful tips
and project ideas.
Evaluate
(individual, teacher)
• Complete the following pages: Project Evaluation
Form p. 5 and Student Writing Goals p. 6 to grade
and evaluate student performance.
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TEACHING
CELLS AND THINGS
Additional Resources
BOOKS
Fridell, Ron. Genetic Engineering. Minneapolis: Lerner
Publishing Group, 2005.
Students will be fascinated by what can be done
through genetic engineering. Text is supported
by color photos, fun facts, and a glossary.
Donnellan, William Lorne. The Miracle of Immunity.
New York: Benchmark Books, 2002.
This title explores cells, germs, epidemics, and the
immune system. The text is supported by
photographs and diagrams.
Gallant, Roy A. The Treasure of Inheritance. New York:
Benchmark Books, 2002.
This book gives the history of the study of
genetics and how scientists have used their
knowledge to generate organisms with specific
traits. Photographs and diagrams support the
text.
Graham, Ian. Genetics: The Study of Heredity.
Milwaukee, WI: Gareth Stevens Audio, 2002.
This book discusses cells, genes, chromosomes,
cloning and more.
Rainis, Kenneth. Cell and Microbe Science Fair Projects
Using Microscopes, Mold, and More. Hillside, NJ:
Enslow Publishers, 2005.
This book introduces scientific inquiry and offers
a variety of science projects for students to try.
Walker, Denise. Cells and Life Processes. Mankato,
MN: Smart Apple Media, 2007.
Part of the Basic Biology series, this book is filled
with color illustrations and photographs, sidebars
with interesting facts, quizzes, and experiments
for students to try.
Walker, Richard, and Steve Jones. Genes and DNA.
Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2003.
This informative book is filled with information
on DNA, genetic engineering, inheritance, gene
therapy, and more. With color photos and
digital art. Summaries end each chapter.
WEBSITES
Biology4Kids.com: Cell Structure
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_main
.html
This site contains lots of information about cells
as well as online quizzes students can take to
measure what they’ve learned.
Blood Typing
http://www.newtonsapple.tv/video.php?id=1032
This site offers a written explanation as well as a
free video on blood typing—what it is and why it
is important. The attached teacher guide
includes an activity as well as a glossary.
Bone Marrow
http://www.newtonsapple.tv/video.php?id=1420
This site explains what bone marrow is, what it
does, and the accompanying video explains bone
marrow donation. It includes a teacher guide
and activity.
Jello Cells
http://www.eduref.org/cgi-bin/printlessons.cgi/
Virtual/Lessons/Science/Biology/BIO0035.html
In this hands-on activity, students will make three
dimensional cell models using gelatin and fruit.
Making Three Dimensional Plant and Animal Cells
http://www.eduref.org/cgi-bin/printlessons.cgi/
Virtual/Lessons/Science/Biology/BIO0039.html
By building cells in this hands-on activity,
students will better understand the 3D structure
of cells and the difference between plant and
animal cells.
5
Project Evaluation Form
Name
Date
5
4
3
2
1
=
=
=
=
=
Excellent Work, Outstanding Effort
Good Work, Good Effort
Average Quality Work, Average Effort
Work Needs Improvement, Less Than Average Effort
Little Work, Little Effort
Creativity
(unique, interesting, thoughtful)
Quality of Ideas
(accurate information, complete, and thorough)
Presentation
(clear, neat, organized)
Teacher Comments:
Teaching Cells and Things
6
Student Writing Goals
Name
Date
Title
Mastered
A
Content:
Clear purpose and central idea
Ideas are fully developed
Details and interest are added
Organization:
Sequenced clearly
Smooth flowing writing
Mechanics:
Correct Spelling
Correct Punctuation/Capitalization
Correct Grammar
Teacher Comments:
Teaching Cells and Things
Developing
B
C
Needs Improvement
D
F
7
The Cast of Characters
Amazing Schemes Within Your Genes
Name ____________________________ Date____________________________
Directions: Read the following description about Jane Gene. On a separate piece of
paper, write a first name for each of the other characters listed below. Using the definitions
in your book, write what each character does and what kind of personality they might have.
Jane Gene: Jane Gene, or Ms. Gene for short, is the most important character in the story.
Ms. Gene has a huge house called a cell where all her friends like ___Chromosome,
____DNA, ____Amino Acid, and ____Ribosome live. Ms. Gene is in charge of keeping all
the other characters organized. Ms. Gene makes sure that everyone else is getting along and
mixing like they should. Ms. Gene hates those party crashers ____Mutations ruining her hard
work.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (code named DNA)
Chromosome
Ribosome
Amino Acid
Mutations
Teaching Cells and Things
8
The Cast of Characters
DNA Is Here to Stay
Name ____________________________ Date____________________________
Directions: Read the following description about Domingo DNA. On a separate piece of
paper, write a first name for each of the other characters listed below. Using the definitions
in your book, write what each character does and what kind of personality they might have.
Domingo DNA: Domingo DNA, or Agent DNA as his friends like to call him, is an
important character in the story. Agent DNA is a very mysterious guy. Scientists all over the
world are trying to figure out his secret plans. Agent DNA and his sidekick _____RNA have a
whole group of deputies that work together making building blocks for your body. These
deputies ____Adenine, ____Thymine, ____Cytosine, ____Guanine, and ____Uracil work
together to spread their empire of houses/cells. Making copy after copy of proteins and cells
may seem like boring work, but DNA and RNA don’t mind if you think they are boring,
because together they are secretly planning to build and take over your body!
RNA
Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
Uracil
Teaching Cells and Things
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The Cast of Characters
Cells Are Us
Name ____________________________ Date____________________________
Directions: Read the following description about Samantha Cell. On a separate piece of
paper, write a first name for each of the other characters listed below. Using the definitions
in your book, write what each character does and what kind of personality they might have.
Samantha Cell: Samantha Cell, or Sammy “Egg” Cell as her friends like to call her, is an
important character in the story. One day she was minding her own business when Seth
“Sperm” Cell ran into her. Amazingly, Sammy and Seth combined to make one cell. Then, a
strange thing happened. Sammy and Seth started dividing and making all kinds of new and
different cells. All these different kinds of cells eventually made a body—you!
Chromosome
Melanin
Carotene
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Hemoglobin
Neutrophilis, Macrophage, and Lymphocyte
Actin and Myosin
Axon
Bone Cell
Teaching Cells and Things
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The Cast of Characters
Cell Wars
Name ____________________________ Date____________________________
Directions: Read the following description about Nathan Neutrophil, Lucy Lymphocyte,
and Moesha Macrophage. On a separate piece of paper, write a first name for each of the
other characters listed below. Using the definitions in your book, write what each character
does and what kind of personality they might have.
Nathan Neutrophil, Lucy Lymphocyte, and Moesha Macrophage: Nathan
Neutrophil, Lucy Lymphocyte, and Moesha Macrophage are the three super heroes of the
cell world. Together, these heroes fight the evil viruses and bacteria trying to invade your
body! Nathan Neutrophil, Lucy Lymphocyte, and Moesha Macrophage are brave, fearless,
and multiply quickly.
Virus
Bacteria
Vaccine
Fibroblast
Teaching Cells and Things
11
Writing A Science Fiction Report
Student Directions
1. Choose a topic.
2. Locate books about your topic (from the Cells and Things series).
3. Read the book or books on the topic you have chosen.
4. Brainstorm a list of important words you might use in your report.
5. Make a cluster, word web, mind map, or outline using the important words. (Doing this
step will help you organize your thoughts. You will be able to decide the order of the
important words in your story.)
6. Look through the resources (books) you have chosen for your topic.
7. Write notes about your topic.
Steps to note taking:
a. First, look for the important words you found when reading the book. You can use
the index or table of contents or simply skim the book.
b. In your word bank, write down the important word and on what page you found it.
c. Skim the pages before and after each important word to make sure you didn’t miss
any valuable information.
d. Next, ask yourself, “Is this the kind of information I need?” If the answer is yes,
begin taking notes.
e. Write the word and the page number at the top of a 3x5 note card. Below the
word, write down its definition. (Remember to use your own words, not the book’s
words. This is called paraphrasing.)
f. Make sure you write only short phrases or facts on your note cards. (Don’t use
sentences. You will write sentences in your report.)
8. Lay out your note cards, your outline, and your word bank. Now you are ready to begin
writing your report!
9. Write the rough draft. (Don’t worry about spelling and punctuation now. Just get your
thoughts down on paper.)
10.Have a conference with your teacher or another student. Ask them to read your paper
and tell you if it makes sense or if you left out any important information.
11.Revise your paper. Add any missing words or ideas. Change words or ideas to make your
paper more interesting.
12.Edit your paper. Correct any spelling, grammar, or punctuation mistakes.
13.Make a title page. Include the title of your report, your name, and the date.
14.Make an author’s page telling about you and your writing experience.
15.Make a reference page listing the title or titles of the books used, the author(s), the
publisher(s), and the copyright date(s).
16.Draw pictures, charts, diagrams, or graphs to include in your report.
17. Rewrite your report in final draft form.
18.Read your finished product to your teacher, your class, a friend, or your family.
Teaching Cells and Things
12
Cell Structure
Name ____________________________ Date____________________________
Directions: Find a model of a cell on the internet or in a book. Write the names of the
cell parts shown in the picture. Write what each cell part does.
Teaching Cells and Things
13
Cell Division
Name ____________________________ Date____________________________
Directions: Find each stage of cell division in the Cells Are Us books. Write what happens
in each stage of cell division.
Teaching Cells and Things
14
Teaching Cells and Things
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The Defenders and the Building Blocks
Name ____________________________ Date____________________________
Directions: Find each cell in the Cell Wars books. Write what each cell does and where it is
located in your body.
Neutrophil
Macrophage
Lymphocyte
blood cells
muscle cells
Teaching Cells and Things
16
nerve cells
skin cells
bone cells
Teaching Cells and Things