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VIRGINIA STANDARDS OF LEARNING Spring 2007 Released Test END OF COURSE CHEMISTRY Form S0117, CORE 1 Property of the Virginia Department of Education ©2007 by the Commonwealth of Virginia, Department of Education, P.O. Box 2120, Richmond, Virginia 23218-2120. All rights reserved. Except as permitted by law, this material may not be reproduced or used in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner. Commonwealth of Virginia public school educators may reproduce any portion of these released tests for non-commercial educational purposes without requesting permission. All others should direct their written requests to the Virginia Department of Education, Division of Student Assessment and School Improvement, at the above address or by e-mail to [email protected]. ISD6736 Chemistry Directions Read each question carefully and choose the best answer. Then mark the space on your answer document for the answer you have chosen. SAMPLE Which of the following is a balanced equation? A H2 + Br2 → 2HBr B H2 + Br2 → HBr C H2 + 2Br2 → 2HBr D 2H2 + Br2 → HBr 3 1 15 10 5 What is the volume of the liquid in the graduated cylinder? A B C D 2 13.00 13.50 14.00 14.50 mL mL mL mL Atoms of the noble gases are generally inert because — F G H J they are too large to react they are not charged they are neutral atoms their outer electron levels are filled 4 3 Element Mass in Grams for a Mole of Atoms Ca H O 40 1 16 What is the mass of a mole of Ca(OH)2 ? A B C D 4 57 grams 58 grams 74 grams 114 grams Which of these represents a synthesis reaction? → AgCl + HNO3 F AgNO3 + HCl G Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2 H N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 J 2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2 5 5 Sulfur is represented by the following Lewis dot structure: S Which of the elements has the same Lewis structure? A B C D 6 Chlorine Magnesium Oxygen Phosphorus A mixture of gases with a pressure of 800.0 mm Hg contains 60% nitrogen and 40% oxygen by volume. What is the partial pressure of oxygen in this mixture? F G H J 140.0 320.0 373.0 480.0 mm mm mm mm Hg Hg Hg Hg 6 7 2C 4H10 + 13O2 → 8CO2 + 10H2O The equation shows the combustion of butane (C 4H10 ). How many moles of water can be produced by 12.5 moles of C 4H10 with excess oxygen? A B C D 8 9 2.50 mol 62.5 mol 125 mol 202 mol The formula for magnesium chloride is — F MgCl2 G MnCl H Mg2 Cl3 J MnCl2 What are the numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an isotope of titanium with a mass number of 50? A B C D 22 28 50 22 p, p, p, p, 22 22 22 28 n, n, n, n, 28 22 50 22 e e e e 7 10 Molar Heat of Vaporization H2O 40.7 kJ/mole NH3 23.4 kJ/mole Water and ammonia have different molar heats of vaporization. The best interpretation, at the molecular level, is that water molecules — F G H J 11 have stronger intermolecular attractions occupy larger molecular volumes set up stronger repulsive nuclear forces collide more frequently with each other Which of these statements describes what happens to the molecules of a solid as the temperature is lowered to absolute zero ( − 273°C)? A B C D They begin to take up more space. They become farther apart. Their kinetic energy gradually increases to a maximum. Their motion gradually decreases and eventually stops. 8 12 A sample of iron has a volume of 10.0 mL. The density of iron is 7.87 g/mL. Which is the correct expression to calculate the mass of the sample using dimensional analysis? F G H J 10.0 mL × 7.87 g 10.0 mL × 1g 10.0 mL × 10.0 mL × 1mL 7.87 mL 1mL 7.87 g 7.87 mL 1g 13 2N2 + 5O2 → 2N2O5 What mass of nitrogen is required to react with 16 grams of oxygen? A B C D 2.8 g 5.6 g 14 g 56 g 9 14 Hydrogen chloride can be formed from hydrogen and chlorine as shown in the reaction. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl + heat Chlorine and fluorine are located in the same group in the periodic table. If the reaction were performed with fluorine instead of chlorine, how many moles of H2 would be required to balance the equation? F G H J 15 ( ) The correct name for Mg3 PO4 A B C D 16 1 2 4 8 2 is — magnesium phosphite trimagnesium phosphate magnesium(III) phosphate magnesium phosphate How many protons are in an atom represented by F G H J 88 132 220 308 10 220 Ra? 88 17 Student Measurements of Temperature Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student 4 Reading 1 (°C) Reading 2 (°C) Reading 3 (°C) 78.6 82.4 80.0 80.1 78.5 80.0 78.9 79.9 78.7 81.4 81.8 80.0 Four students each took three temperature readings of a sample of water. The actual temperature of the sample was 80.0ºC. Which student’s measurements were both accurate and precise? A B C D 18 Student Student Student Student 1 2 3 4 According to the kinetic-molecular theory of gases, molecules of an ideal gas — F G H J travel in curved lines of motion undergo elastic collisions are separated by small distances have strong forces between them 11 19 What is the molar mass of beryllium oxide (BeO)? A B C D 20 g/mol g/mol g/mol g/mol Catalytic converters made of palladium (Pd) reduce automobile pollution by catalyzing the reaction between unburned hydrocarbons and oxygen. How does Pd increase the rate of this reaction? F G H J 21 12 13 24 25 By By By By cooling the reactants splitting the oxygen atoms giving the hydrocarbons a negative charge decreasing the activation energy ( ) A chloride ion Cl − has the same number of electrons as a neutral atom of — A B C D fluorine sulfur argon bromine 12 22 Which of these is the proper method for using a thermometer to measure the temperature of liquid in a beaker? F G H J 13 23 O F 3.5 4.0 S Cl 2.5 ? Se Br 2.4 2.8 Which of the following is most likely the electronegativity value for chlorine? A B C D 24 2.3 2.7 3.0 4.2 Which compound has a covalent bond? F CaI2 G KBr H NaCl J NO 14 25 C 3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) → 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O(g) If 5.0 moles of C 3H8 react, how many molecules of water are formed? A B C D 26 4.8 × 1024 1.2 × 1025 2.4 × 1025 Which of these best describes sublimation? F G H J 27 3.0 × 1024 A A A A solid changing to a liquid phase solid changing to a gaseous phase gas filling the space in its container liquid taking the shape of its container If the difference in electronegativity between atoms of different non-metals is small, the atoms of the two non-metals will most likely — A B C D form form form form an ionic bond a hydrogen bond a covalent bond a metallic bond 15 28 The role of a catalyst is to affect — F G H J 29 Which of these best describes the difference between the formulas for nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide? A B C D 30 electronegativity heat content activation energy ionization energy Nitrogen Nitrogen Nitrogen Nitrogen monoxide has one more atom of nitrogen. dioxide has one fewer atom of oxygen. monoxide has one fewer atom of oxygen. dioxide has one more atom of nitrogen. ( ) Sulfuric acid H2SO4 is spilled on a laboratory bench. Which chemical would be useful for neutralizing the acid? F G H J ( ) Potassium nitrate (KNO ) Silver iodide ( AgI) Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ) Aluminum chloride AlCl3 3 3 16 31 When compared to sulfur-32, sulfur-34 has more — A B C D protons neutrons energy levels bonding configurations 32 Percent Alcohol vs. Density 50 1 2 Alcohol (%) 40 3 30 4 20 5 10 0 .90 .91 .92 .93 .94 .95 .96 .97 .98 .99 1.0 Density (g/mL) The graph shows five data points collected in an investigation of the relationship between the concentration of alcohol dissolved in water and its density. The relationship was expected to be linear. Which of the data points most likely resulted from an error in procedure? F G H J 1 2 4 5 17 33 What is the chemical name for the compound P3N5? A B C D 34 Triphosphorus nitride Phosphorus(III) nitride Triphosphorus pentanitride Pentaphosphorus trinitride In HNO3 , the oxidation state of hydrogen is + 1 and the oxidation state of oxygen is − 2 . Therefore, the oxidation state of nitrogen is — F G H J –1 +3 +4 +5 18 35 Phase Diagram 4 Pressure 2 1 3 Temperature The graph shows the phase diagram of a substance. At which point on the diagram do the solid, liquid, and gas phases coexist simultaneously? A B C D 1 2 3 4 19 36 The partial pressures of the gases that comprise air are shown in the table. Partial Pressures of Gases in Air Gas Partial Pressure (mm Hg) Ar CO2 N2 O2 Others 7.10 ? 593.44 159.20 0.02 If the total atmospheric pressure is 760.00 mm Hg, what is the partial pressure of CO2 ? F G H J 37 0.03 mm Hg 0.24 mm Hg 7.36 mm Hg 759.76 mm Hg Which is the safest practice when heating the contents of a test tube over a flame? A B C D Wearing long hair down Having safety goggles within reach Pointing the test tube away from people Keeping the test tube securely stoppered 20 38 __Al + __H2SO4 → __Al2 (SO4 )3 + __H2 When the equation is correctly balanced, the coefficient of H2SO4 is — F G H J Volume A Volume Which graph shows the relationship between temperature and volume as described in Charles’ Law? C 0 0 B Temperature Pressure Temperature Pressure 39 1 2 3 4 D 0 0 Temperature Temperature 21 40 Place the following models about the structure of the atom in the order that they were developed: 1. Planetary model 2. Quantum mechanical model 3. Solid sphere model F G H J 41 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2 3 1 2 The boiling point of ethanol is 78.3°C. The boiling point of ethanol on the Kelvin scale is approximately — A B C D 26 K 178 K 351 K 451 K 42 CO2 + H2O → H2CO3 The reaction is which type of chemical reaction? F G H J Single replacement Double replacement Synthesis Decomposition 22 43 What does pH measure? A B C D Hydrogen ion concentration Hydroxide ion concentration Acid density Base density 44 4P + 5O2 → 2P2O x The subscript of oxygen in the product should be — F G H J 45 2 5 10 20 The proper scientific notation for 565,000,000,000 is — A B C D .565 × 1012 5.65 × 1011 56.5 × 1010 565 × 109 23 46 What are shared in covalent bonds? F G H J 47 Cations Protons Electrons Anions ( A 0.67 L solution of ammonium sulfate, NH4 ) SO , contains 0.81 mole of the 2 4 solute. What is the approximate molarity of the solution? A B C D 48 0.54 M 0.83 M 1.2 M 1.5 M Which of these is the percent of error in evaluating the molecular mass of a compound if the experimental value was 105.2 amu and the known value was 107.5 amu? F G H J 1.0% 2.1% 3.3% 4.2% 24 49 What is the correct formula for aluminum chloride? A AlCl3 B Al3 Cl C Al2 Cl3 D AlCl 50 2NO2 (g) N2O4 (g) NO2 and N2O4 undergo the reaction shown. When a sealed container of NO2 reaches chemical equilibrium, which must be true? F G H J No N2 O 4 is present. No chemical reactions are occurring. The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. The maximum number of molecules has been reached. 25 Answer Key-EOC015-S0117 Test Sequence Number Correct Answer 1 B 2 J 3 C Reporting Category 001 002 004 4 H 003 5 6 7 C G B 003 005 004 8 9 10 11 12 13 F D F D F B 003 002 005 005 001 004 14 F 003 15 16 17 18 19 D F D G D 003 002 001 005 004 20 21 22 23 J C J C 003 002 001 002 24 25 26 J C G 003 004 005 27 C 003 28 H 003 29 30 31 32 C J B G 003 001 002 001 33 34 35 36 37 C J A G C 003 002 005 005 001 38 39 40 41 H A J C 003 005 002 001 42 43 H A 003 004 44 45 G B 003 001 46 47 48 H C G 003 004 001 49 50 A H 003 004 Reporting Category Description Scientific Investigation Atomic Structure and Periodic Relationships Molar Relationships Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Phases of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory Molar Relationships Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Atomic Structure and Periodic Relationships Phases of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory Phases of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory Scientific Investigation Molar Relationships Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Atomic Structure and Periodic Relationships Scientific Investigation Phases of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory Molar Relationships Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Atomic Structure and Periodic Relationships Scientific Investigation Atomic Structure and Periodic Relationships Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Molar Relationships Phases of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Scientific Investigation Atomic Structure and Periodic Relationships Scientific Investigation Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Atomic Structure and Periodic Relationships Phases of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory Phases of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory Scientific Investigation Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Phases of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory Atomic Structure and Periodic Relationships Scientific Investigation Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Molar Relationships Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Scientific Investigation Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Molar Relationships Scientific Investigation Nomenclature, Chemical Formulas, and Reactions Molar Relationships Chemistry, Core 1 If you get this many items correct: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Then your converted scale score is: 000 188 221 242 257 269 279 289 297 304 311 318 324 329 335 340 345 350 355 360 364 369 373 378 382 387 391 395 400 404 409 413 418 423 428 433 438 443 449 455 461 468 475 483 491 502 513 528 548 581 600