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Download Latin 101: How to Identify Grammatical Forms in Context
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Transcript
Latin 102: How to Identify Grammatical Forms in Context (after OLC II.23) nouns & pronouns: case, number (sing. or pl.), gender example: tertiā horā mater filiae canem dat. filiae: dative singular feminine Or, What is the case of horā? ablative Why is it in that case? abl. of time* relative pronouns: case, number, gender, referent (=what it refers to) example: Quintus, quī ingeniosus erat, ludum in Venusiā nōn amabat. qui: nom. sing. masc. referring to Quintus adjective: case, number, gender, referent (= what/whom the adj. refers to, or modifies) example: Argus in agrō tristis est. tristis: nom. sing. masc. modifying Argus verbs: a. finite (=conjugated) verbs: person, number, tense (possibilities: present, imperfect, perfect, pluperfect), 1st singular of the verb example: Troianī nōs vīcerat et pellēbant ad navēs. vīcerat: 3rd pl. of pluperfect of vincō b. infinitive: identify as infinitive, and supply the 1st singular of the verb example: tāndem Flavius puerōs dimittere constituit. dimittere: infinitive of dimittō c. imperative: identify as imperative sing. or pl.; supply the 1st sing. of the verb example: nolīte lūdere, puerī, sed audīte. audīte: imperative plural of audiō adverbs: simply identify as such *Note on the uses of the ablative (OLC 22-23): separation, place where, time when, time within which, means or instrument, manner, quality, adjectives that take ablative complement, e.g. dignus + abl.; plenus + abl.
