Download Latin 101: How to Identify Grammatical Forms in Context

Latin 102: How to Identify Grammatical Forms in Context (after OLC II.23)
nouns & pronouns: case, number (sing. or pl.), gender
example:
tertiā horā mater filiae canem dat.
filiae: dative singular feminine
Or, What is the case of horā? ablative Why is it in that case? abl. of time*
relative pronouns: case, number, gender, referent (=what it refers to)
example:
Quintus, quī ingeniosus erat, ludum in Venusiā nōn amabat.
qui: nom. sing. masc. referring to Quintus
adjective: case, number, gender, referent (= what/whom the adj. refers to, or modifies)
example:
Argus in agrō tristis est.
tristis: nom. sing. masc. modifying Argus
verbs:
a. finite (=conjugated) verbs: person, number, tense (possibilities: present, imperfect,
perfect, pluperfect), 1st singular of the verb
example:
Troianī nōs vīcerat et pellēbant ad navēs.
vīcerat: 3rd pl. of pluperfect of vincō
b. infinitive: identify as infinitive, and supply the 1st singular of the verb
example:
tāndem Flavius puerōs dimittere constituit.
dimittere: infinitive of dimittō
c. imperative: identify as imperative sing. or pl.; supply the 1st sing. of the verb
example:
nolīte lūdere, puerī, sed audīte.
audīte: imperative plural of audiō
adverbs: simply identify as such
*Note on the uses of the ablative (OLC 22-23): separation, place where, time when, time
within which, means or instrument, manner, quality, adjectives that take ablative
complement, e.g. dignus + abl.; plenus + abl.