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Chapter 5 Exercise Notes Here are some pointers to help you with chapter 5 exercises. Remember that these are multiple-attempt. 5.1 Be sure to translate the verb first here. Match the Latin pronoun ending with the correct English. Use the chart on p. 114. Once you translate the verb the rest will fall into place. The hardest one is number 3 since you will need to determine the function of Quintum in the sentence. 5.2 Pay close attention to the verb endings here. They are the same as page 114. o– I s– t– he/she mus – we you tis – you pl. nt - they 5.4 A complement is an adjective that completes the linking verb “Sum” p. 115. This is the verb “to be”. It acts as an equals sign. If the girls are tired, then the word tired needs to be in the same form as girls. The girls = tired or tired = the girls. Put the same ending on the complement that is on the noun. Puellae sunt fessae cur (miser) [miser] estis, pueri? puellae (laetus) [laetus] sunt Translate the sentence first. Why are you sad, boys? The girls are happy. Now think of is and are as = signs The boys = sad miseri estis pueri the girls = happy puellae sunt laetae A complement must be the same ending (case number, gender) as the noun it modifies. Simply put, if the adjective or noun =’s the boys, give it the ending on the boys. If it =” the girls give it the same ending as the girls. You need to translate first. 5.5 To be successful here make a noun chart. There was one provided for you in the chapter 3 Notes and Handouts in the additional resources. Just fill in the line for the ablative singular and pl. Give the ablative for multae feminae The form given is nominative pl. The gender of the noun is feminine so it is first declension. Slide down the chart and you will see the ablative pl. is –is. Change both words to get multis feminis. st 1 Nom a Acc am Abl a Nom ae Acc as Abl is 2nd us, er, r um o i os is 5.6 Make a list of the prepositions on p. 116 along with the cases they take their objects in. N.B. the preposition in can be either accusative or ablative. Because it can mean either into or in. Preposition in ad e,ex a,ab in Meaning into To, toward Out of from in Case of the object accusative accusative ablative ablative ablative Notice how the word “in” means in or into. Its object can be accusative or ablative depending on the meaning of the preposition. He runs into the field. Field would be accusative since “in” translates as into. In agrum She sits in the house. In translates as “in” here and answers the question where. The ending on house will need to be ablative. In casa Here is the vocabulary for this exercise. Ager (agr-) Via Casa field road house femina Amicus Ludus woman friend school 5.7 This is hard it puts everything together that we have done so far. For nouns you will need to be able to form subjects, direct objects and objects of prepositions. The format in the assessment is multiple-choice. Make sure that you have a noun chart handy for this one. Are you trying to use verb endings on nouns? Translate the sentence. Determine the use of the word in the sentence that requires an ending and then use a chart to put the correct ending on. Do the work on paper first from the back of the book and then use it to transfer answers on to the computer. Noun Chart: st 1 Nom a Acc am Abl a Nom ae Acc as Abl is 2nd us, er, r um o i os is