Download Study sheet for the second Roman multiple choice summative

Study sheet for the second Roman multiple choice
summative
1. Who was Julius Caesar? Explain how he became dictator in Rome. He was a
great general (he was admired for his bravery), he was an excellent
speaker, Pompey and Caesar fight (after Caesar refused to give up
power of his armies), and Caesar defeated Pompey in Greece. Caesar
returned to Italy, where he declared himself dictator for life (the Senate
approved because they were afraid of him).
2. Who was Marcus Crassus? He was a gifted speaker, the richest man in
Roman history, and a mentor to Julius Caesar.
3. Who was Pompey? A very successful Roman general, who had a rivalry
with Julius Caesar because of his (Caesar’s military success)
4. Why did Julius Caesar, Marcus Crassus, and Pompey join forces? What was
this unity called? Why did it fall apart? They formed the first triumvirate
because Crassus knew that if they joined forces they could control
Rome (due to the fact that there was chaos throughout the republic).
Their unity fell apart due to Marcus Crassus dying (he was the glue that
held them together) and Pompey’s wife Julia (the daughter of Julius
Caesar) died. Once this happened, Civil War broke out between these
two adversaries.
5. Describe how Rome went from being known as a Republic to an Empire.
After the assassination of Julius Caesar, Octavian (his nephew/adopted
son) and Marc Antony (Caesar’s former assistant) set out to punish
those who killed Julius Caesar. After this was accomplished, Marc
Antony and Octavian began to fight (both men thought they should
control Rome and Antony divorced Octavian’s sister for Cleopatra).
These two men fought, which led to Octavian defeating Marc Antony’s
forces. Octavian became Rome’s sole ruler/its first emperor. He was so
well liked by the Senate, that he kept being named ruler of Rome.
6. Describe how Roman conquest had an impact on different nations and the
Romans. Roman conquest of different nations promoted peace and
trade. This introduced the Romans to goods and resources that they
needed, and had never seen before.
7. Describe the Pax Romana. This was a period of 200 years in which the
Roman Empire had entered a state of peace and prosperity.
8. Describe the different achievements in ancient Rome. Romans studied the
stars to create a calendar, they studies plans and animals to understand
how to get better food, they created aqueducts (a raised channel to
carry water from mountains to the cities), the created many great
buildings (based off of what the Greeks made), and created a system
called Civil Law (a legal system based off of a written code of laws)
9. Describe how the Roman Empire fell (include information on the internal
and external threats Rome faced during this time period, and troubles in
their economy). Many different nations (such as the Germanic tribes and
the Huns) kept invading different parts of the Roman Empire. Much of
the federal spending was used for defense and war. Many people would
abandon their farmlands for fear of invasion. This caused a food
shortage. Roman leaders began to give the land to different tribes living
in the area. These tribes would not pay taxes, and would not obey
Roman laws. Diseases also spread through the Empire, killing many
citizens. Many Roman politicians became corrupt (lost their values) and
would use threats to achieve what they wanted.