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Name: __________________________ Change Over Time Transfer Task: Creature Creation – Design a new species Background: In biology, evolution refers to the process through which species change over time. On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin noticed a variety of beak shapes and sizes among the finches. For example, finches with large, strong beaks are better adapted to a food source consisting of hard seeds and nuts, while finches with long skinny beaks are better adapted to extracting burrowed insects. Darwin hypothesized that the birds evolved from a similar pre-existing species due to environmental stressors related the differing food sources on each island. Objective: Explain how variation in a population’s gene pool and environmental change drive evolution via natural selection. Task: Randomly create a new species by selecting an environment and adaptations. Then, explain how the species will change over time due to changes in its environment. Be creative - but realistic (no mutant ninja turtles, laser vision, or invisibility)! Adhere to the laws of nature to demonstrate that you understand what adaptations are and how they help an organism survive in its environment. Adaptations must be realistic and exist in nature. Part 1: Environment and Species Creation Choices (Student Sheet 1.1 and 1.2) Select an environment, type of organism, traits for your organism, and its predators from Student Sheet 1.1 to design a new species. You may add additional characteristics that will ensure your species’ survival in the chosen environment. Determine your organism’s likely classification (domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species) by comparing it to a close relative. Part 2: Products to submit Product 1: The Drawing (Student Sheet 1.3) 20pts Your drawing must be colorful and include all of the following criteria: 1. Draw your chosen environment including corresponding vegetation (plants) native to your environment. 2. Draw your animal in this environment, showing the adaptations you included for your organism’s survival. Please label each adaptation. 3. Draw at least three different organisms in your newly created species highlighting the variation in traits among your species. (ex. Long/short legs, thick/thin body, coloration differences) 4. Draw the predators of your species and its prey. Label both predator and prey. 5. An environmental change occurs causing isolation of populations in your species. Draw your new environment and the changes that will have occurred over time to your original species. South Oldham Middle School 2015 Change Over Time: Transfer Task: Creature Creation Name: __________________________ Product 2: The Essay (80pts) Your essay must dedicate at least one paragraph to each of the following components: 1. Environment (5pts): Choose one environment provided (mountains, ocean, swamp, desert, etc.). Write a paragraph describing the environment in great detail. 2. Introduce your species (10pts) (Student Sheet 1.2): What is the common name of your newly created species? What are its adaptations? What physical characteristics did you choose from the list (Student Sheet 1.1)? What additional characteristics did you incorporate to help your species survive in its environment? What is your species’ prey? What are its predators? 3. Classification (15pts): What is your organism’s entire classification (kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species)? Describe characteristics of each identified taxon level. (For example, Kingdom: Animalia – multicellular, rely on food for energy (heterotrophic), able to move, cells have nuclei but no cell walls or chloroplast.) *Since you are creating a new species, your creature must have a unique Latin species name. 4. Environmental change resulting in isolation (20pts) (Student Sheet 1.4): Based on your environment, describe the corresponding environmental change including what has happened to the vegetation and climate. How will this environmental change isolate (either geographically or reproductively) populations from one another within your species? 5. Mechanism of Evolution (30 pts): Identify new conditions (climate, resource availability, geographical obstacles, etc.) from the environmental change that will impact the survival of your species. Explain how the variation in traits already existing in your species gene pool are advantageous to your new environment. (In other words, what traits are more beneficial to your new environment?) Describe how over time, the environment will select in favor of these specific traits to develop a completely new species, different from the original you created. South Oldham Middle School 2015 Creature Creation Name: __________________________ Student Sheet 1.1 Select and circle your choice for each of the following environmental conditions or traits: A) WHERE DOES IT LIVE? 1 – mountains covered in ice and snow with cold, blustery winds 2 – dry desert with scorching hot days and freezing cold nights 3 – in the coastal ocean or on the beach with frequent storms and warm weather 4 – on small volcanic island with frequent volcanic eruptions and tropical climate 5 – swamp with standing water and sticky, humid air 6 - in a cave that is dark, damp, and cool B) WHAT KIND OF ANIMAL IS IT? 1 – a soft-bodied invertebrate 2 – a bird 3 – a reptile 4 – a mammal 5 – a flying insect 6 – a fish C) WHAT KIND OF EXOSKELETON/SKIN/FUR/FEATHER DOES IT HAVE? 1 – very thick 2 – colorful 3 – blended into the surroundings (camouflaged) 4 – layer of slime on top 5 – scales or spikes 6 – very thin D) WHAT KIND OF MOUTHPARTS DOES IT HAVE/WHAT DOES IT EAT? 1 – beak 2 – fangs that deliver venom 3 – flat teeth for grinding 4 – sharp pointy teeth for tearing and shredding 5 – large front teeth for clipping leaves 6 – no teeth for swallowing things whole or filtering microorganisms E) WHAT EATS IT/WHAT ARE ITS PREDATORS? 1 – Footeous maximus: big footed creatures that chase and stomp your organism flat 2 – Vampiro motheus: lands on creature and sucks blood until dry 3 – Injectesect parasitus: lays eggs on creature that burrow into and devour from inside out 4 – Vomitous spidereus: vomits on creature and melts it with digestive fluids 5 – Steameus rolleus: chases, rolls over and then devours creature 6 – Megamaggot grubbeus: leaps out of the ground and swallows creature whole South Oldham Middle School 2015 Transfer Task: Creature Creation Student Sheet 1.2 Determining your organism’s classification Research a close relative of your organism and record its classification and characteristics at each taxon level on the table below. Then, compare the characteristics at each taxon to your organism. If your organism has the same characteristics as the close relative, then your organism will be in the same taxon level. Example: Your organism is multicellular and heterotrophic, so it belongs to the ANIMAL kingdom. If your organism does not have the same characteristics as the closest relative at that level, then you will need to make up a new taxon name using the Latin/Greek Roots chart. Classification Level Domain Kingdom Close Relative to your organism Eukarya Animal Characteristics unique to each taxon level Your Organism’s Classification Cells have membrane bound organelles and a true nucleus Multicellular, heterotrophic, tend to reproduce sexually Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species What is your organism’s common name:_______________________________________ What physical characteristics did you choose for it: _______________________________________________________________________________ What additional characteristics did you incorporate to help you organism survive?_______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What is your species prey?_______________________________ what are it’s predators?_______________________________________________ South Oldham Middle School 2015 Transfer Task: Creature Creation Student Sheet 1.3 Drawing of Species Draw your species in its environment before and after the environmental changing event: South Oldham Middle School 2015 Transfer Task: Creature Creation Student Sheet 1.4 Environmental change causing isolation The inevitable has occurred… environmental change. A major event has taken place in your environment which will change conditions and only the best suited will survive. Based on your initial environment, choose the corresponding environmental change to explain how this event will isolate populations in your species and lead to speciation. Environment 1: The mountains that were once covered in ice and snow have experienced an unusually warm season caused by global warming. The snow and ice have melted creating raging rivers and streams all over the mountain as the water flows toward the valley below. Environment 2: The polar ice caps have melted causing the sea levels to rise. The desert is now flooded with several inches of saltwater from nearby seas and saltwater organisms such as small clams and sea cucumbers now inhabit the sand. Environment 3: Pollution from a nearby Cruise Ship collision has severely affected the quality of water in your environment, spilling oil everywhere, washing passenger’s luggage and trash onto the beaches and creating floating “rafts” of debris. Environment 4: The volcano on the island goes dormant and due to its location in the Northern Hemisphere, the island experiences an ice age. The island is blanketed in a thick layer of frigid ice, killing all vegetation. Environment 5: A drought has come, causing all standing water to evaporate. The swamps and marshes in the area dry up and cause the sticky humidity of the air to disappear. Environment 6: A violent earthquake shakes the ground causing cracks in the roof of the cave. The roof of the cave is now has an opening allowing sunlight, fresh air, and other weather conditions to affect the interior of the cave. South Oldham Middle School 2015 Transfer Task: Creating Creatures Academic Rubric Name:_____________________________ Block: CATEGORY 4 5 6 Scientific name of species:___________________________ 7 Date submitted:_____________________ Distinguished Proficient Apprentice Novice Environment (5 points max) The environmental conditions are thoroughly described; (Temperature, vegetation, soil, and landforms) it feels like the reader is standing in the environment. The environmental conditions are adequately described. The environmental conditions are mostly described. Specific details are lacking. The environmental conditions are vague. Reader unable to picture the environment based on the description. Introduction to species and adaptations (10 points max) The species is thoroughly described, including its common1 name, physical characteristics2 and adaptations3. The species is adequately described, including all three requirements. The species is somewhat described OR includes two out of the three requirements. The species is inadequately described AND includes less than three requirements. Classification (15 points max) Complete logical classification for organism. Characteristics identified for each taxon level. Logical classification is missing one hierarchical level or characteristics identified for most taxon levels. Classification is missing two hierarchical level or the classification is illogical AND characteristics identified for some taxon levels. Classification is missing three or more hierarchical level or the classification is illogical Or no characteristics identified for taxon levels. Environmental change resulting in isolation (20 points max) Thorough explanation of environmental change and what has happened to the vegetation and climate. Thorough explanation of isolating event (geographic or reproductive). Adequate explanation of environmental change and what has happened to the vegetation and climate. Adequate explanation of isolating event (geographic or reproductive). Explanation of environmental change and what has happened to the vegetation and climate is limited or one description is not included. Explanation of isolating event (geographic or reproductive) is limited. Explanation of environmental change and what has happened to the vegetation and climate is vague or not included OR explanation of isolating event is vague or not included Thorough explanation of how the variation in traits among the gene pool and the process of natural selection drives evolution over time. Adequate explanation of how the variation in traits among the gene pool and the process of natural selection drives evolution over time. Explanation of how the variation in traits among the gene pool and the process of natural selection drives evolution over time is limited; some vocabulary terms are included but may be used inappropriately. Explanation of how the variation in traits among the gene pool and the process of natural selection drives evolution over time is vague or incorrect; few vocabulary terms are included and may be used inappropriately. Misconceptions evident. Drawing includes all requirements. Drawing includes most of the requirements. Drawing includes some of the requirements. Drawing is missing several requirements. Mechanism of Evolution (30 points max) Drawing— Before and After (10 points) South Oldham Middle School 2015 Creature Creation Essay : Transfer Task Effort Rubric Student Name: CATEGORY Submission 20pts Neatness 20 pts Drawing 30 pts Sentence Structure 10pts Grammar & Spelling 10pts Capitalization & Punctuation 10pts ________________________________________ Folder #____________ 4 - Above Standards 3 - Meets Standards 2 - Approaching Standards Essay and drawing are turned in on time, with name on both and this rubric attached AND/OR ahead of time Essay/drawing turned in late,(within 24 hours), name on both and a new rubric OR Name missing on one component submitted on time Essay/drawing turned in late,(more than 24 hours), name on both and a new rubric OR Name missing on both component submitted on time Essay turned in late,(more than 48 hours), name on assignment and a new rubric attached Essay is typed or exemplary handwriting - no mistakes are visible - polished, final draft Essay is handwritten and easy to read – one visible mistake Essay is handwritten and messy – some mistakes are visible – not consistent throughout Essay is handwritten, difficult to read, many erasure marks, sentences are in the margins, not consistent throughout Both before and after catastrophe drawings are colorful; Exemplary depiction of environment, beast, predator, prey, and vegetation All sentences are well-constructed with varied structure. Both before and after catastrophe drawings are colorful; Adequate depiction of environment, beast, predator, prey, and vegetation Both before and after catastrophe drawings are drawn, not colorful, or messy. Missing one of the following: environment, beast, predator, prey, or vegetation May include only one drawing, OR is not colorful, or messy. AND is missing two or more of the following from drawing: environment, beast, predator, prey, and vegetation Most sentences are well-constructed and there is some varied sentence structure in the essay. Author makes 1-2 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. Most sentences are well constructed, but there is no variation is structure. Most sentences are not well-constructed or varied. Author makes 3-4 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. Author makes more than 4 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. Author makes 1-2 errors in capitalization or punctuation, but the essay is still easy to read. Author makes a few errors in capitalization and/or punctuation that catch the reader's attention and interrupt the flow. Author makes several errors in capitalization and/or punctuation that catch the reader's attention and interrupt the flow. Author makes no errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. Author makes no errors in capitalization or punctuation, so the essay is exceptionally easy to read. South Oldham Middle School 2015 1 - Below Standards Timeline of project Before Project, have students do the online simulation “Who wants to survive a million years” http://www.sciencechannel.com/games-and-interactives/charles-darwin-game/ Day 1: Introduction, selection, creating initial drawing of new species Day 2: Research classification of organism and characteristics; ask questions; write essay Day 3: Type Essay – Finish drawing Students have weekend to complete South Oldham Middle School 2015