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Earths Changing Surfaces
By Denise Bannard & Jaqueline Geary
Fall 2009; 713.22
MST Inquiry Unit
Table of Content
Lesson
Lesson
Lesson
Lesson
Lesson
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
Travel Through Geological Time
Breaking It Down
The Grand Canyon
Shaky Ground
Lava Mountain
Lesson 6: The Water Cycle
MST STANDARDS
 Standard 1: Students will use mathematical analysis, scientific inquiry,
and engineering design, as appropriate, to pose questions, seek answers,
and develop solutions
 Standard 2: Students will access, generate, process, and transfer
information using appropriate technologies.
 Standard # 4 Students will understand and apply scientific concepts,
principles and theories pertaining to the physical setting and living
environment and recognize the historical development of ideas in science.
 Standard 5: Students will apply technological knowledge and skills to
design, construct, use, and evaluate products and systems to satisfy
human and environmental needs.
Geologic Time Scale
Breaking It Down
Scavenger Hunt
Directions: Use the websites provided to look up the answers to the questions.
Questions 1 & 2 go to Kidsgeo.com: http://www.kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0059-introduction-toerosion.php
1.What is Chemical Erosion? Chemical erosion brakes down the bonds that hold
the rocks together. Chemical erosion is most common where there is water.
2.What is Mechanical Erosion? Mechanical erosion is when rocks are torn apart
by physical force. An examples of this is when earths crust moves.
Questions 3 & 4 are about Landslides: http://science.howstuffworks.com/landslide3.htm
3.What causes landslides? Landslides occur when gravity overcomes the force
of friction. A common landslide is when rain mixes with soil on a down sloping hill.
4.Explain what a submarine landslide is? Where does this occur? A submarine
landslide is a landslide under water. Submarine landslides trigger tidal waves.
Questions 5 &6 are from National Geographic:
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/earth/the-dynamic-earth/weathering-erosionarticle.html
5. What plants benefit from erosion? Explain
how? Linchens and Mosses can squeeze into cracks of rocks. As the plants grow
they also cause the rocks crack to grow larger.
6.What forms glaciers? Explain. Glaciers are formed by snow and ice built up. The
glaciers way down the rock and cause it to sink.
Question 7 watch Pet Rock Theatre: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCbgA9nY2bI
7. According to the video what causes rocks to
smooth out? Sand, wind, and rain cause rocks to smooth after millions of years.
Questions 8, 9, & 10 learn about different types of rocks:
http://www.learner.org/interactives/rockcycle/types.html
8. What is a sedimentary rock? Explain using details. Sedimentary Rocks are formed
from sand, shells, and pebble particles. They accumulate layers which causes them to
harden into rocks. These rocks are usually soft enough to break easily.
9.What is a metamorphic rock? Explain using details Metamorphic rocks are formed
under the surface of the earth from intense heat and pressure. These rocks are usually
shiny on the surface.
10.What is a igneous rock? Explain using details. Igneous rocks are formed by magma.
Those rocks are not shiny and some have small holes from gas bubbles.
Weathering and Erosion YouTube Video
 Created by Study Jam:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lyysL02ZvQ8
THE GRAND CANYON
Filamentality Website:
http://www.kn.att.com/wired/fil/pages/listchangin
gde.html
KWL CHART
What you know?
-The Grand Canyon is in
Arizona
What would you like to know?
-How was it formed?
-Are there different colors?
-It is very big
What did you learn?
-The Grand Canyon was formed by
erosion.
-There are 10 layers of the Grand
Canyon
-Did animals live there?
-It is very old
-Different layers are different colors.
-Continental drift and the Colorado
River played a part in forming the
Grand Canyon.
-There are fossils of different animals in
different layers of the Grand Canyon.
Shaky Grounds
What are Tectonic
Plates
What is a Richter
Scale
Causes of
Earthquakes
Tectonic plats are
earth's crust and upper
mantle composed of
several large, thin,
relatively rigid plates
that move relative to
one another. The plates
are all moving in
different directions and
at different speeds.
Measures the amount of
energy from a
earthquake. The
measurements on the
scale are from 0-9. The
higher the number on
the scale the higher the
energy of the
When the tectonic
plates move huge rocks
form at their edges and
the rocks shift with
great force, causing an
earthquake.
earthquake.
Earthquake Line Graph
Order
Date
Richter Scale
4/18/06
8.25
2-May-83
6.4
10/17/89
6.9
1/17/94
6.7
1
2
3
4
Amount on the Richter Scale
9
8
7
6
5
Series2
4
3
2
1
0
1
2
3
Dates of the Earthquakes
4
Museum Website:
http://www.mnh.si.edu/earth/main_frames.html

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Layers of the Earth:
Inner core
Outer core
Lower mantle
Upper mantle
Crust
Parts of a Volcano
Volcano Bar Graph
Height of Famous Volcanos
18,000
16,000
12,000
10,000
Series1
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
Name of Volcanos
et
i
ep
ca
t
Po
po
Ve
su
vi
us
st
a
Sa
ou
nt
M
ou
nt
M
on
t
Pe
le
e
Ke
ny
a
0
M
Height in Feet
14,000
The Water Cycle
Including Diverse Learners
Active learners
Group work
Visual learning
Use different manipulatives