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Transcription and Translation Mechanisms of Genetics 1 All of the following nitrogenous bases are present in the mRNA strand after transcription EXCEPT A adenine. B thymine. C uracil. D guanine. Transcription and Translation Mechanisms of Genetics 3 Which of the following models best represents a portion of the process of transcription? A B C D Transcription and Translation Mechanisms of Genetics 4 In a eukaryotic cell, transcription takes place in the - 6 A mitochondria. B nucleus. C chloroplast. D cytoplasm. The process of translation results in A a complementary mRNA strand. B increased production of ribosomes. C a completed polypeptide chain. D replacement of disabled nucleotides. Transcription and Translation Mechanisms of Genetics 7 8 9 A point mutation is a change in DNA in which A a nucleotide has been removed. B a base pair substitution is made. C an entire chromosome is damaged. D a section of DNA code is reversed. The process of translation is responsible for producing which type of molecule? A Polypeptide B RNA strand C DNA strand D New gene A defective protein can be produced by a cell when a mutation has which of the following effects? A Messenger RNA is prevented from being made. B It causes cells to divide in an uneven way. C An additional mRNA strand is caused to form. D The amino acid sequence coded by the gene is altered. Transcription and Translation Mechanisms of Genetics 10 11 Which of the following is the best explanation of the process of translation? A An mRNA strand is copied from the original DNA sequence. B Amino acids are placed in order to build a protein. C A piece of DNA is moved along the chromosome. D DNA is changed due to a mistake or environmental factor. A strand of DNA is made of a segment of nucleotides in this order: GTCTAG. Which of the following sequences would be the correct complementary strand of RNA? A GTCTAG B CAGATC C GUCUAG D CAGAUC Transcription and Translation Mechanisms of Genetics 12 13 There are many factors that may cause a mutation in a gene. Which of the following events would be most likely to cause a mutation? A mRNA travels out of the nucleus. B mRNA is released from the DNA strand. C A nucleotide is inserted into a DNA strand. D An enzyme transcribes mRNA in the nucleus. Which of the following stages is the first step during the process of transcription? A A polypeptide strand is made. B Codons are read to produce an amino acid. C DNA is turned into an mRNA copy. D A section of DNA helix is unwound by an enzyme. Transcription and Translation Mechanisms of Genetics 14 The illustration shows a specific type of mutation that can occur during DNA replication. Which type of mutation is represented by the illustration? A Insertion B Deletion C Point D Chromosomal Transcription and Translation Mechanisms of Genetics 15 All of the following are reasons for regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes EXCEPT – A cell differentiation. B embryonic development. C expression of every gene. D cell repair and replacement.