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Aldehydes
By: Tyler McGrath
and Wade Smith
Aldehydes
An aldehyde is an
organic compound
in which the carbon
of the carbonyl
group is always
joined to at least
one hydrogen. The
general formula for
an aldehyde is
RCHO.
Aldehydes
A wide variety of Aldehydes have been
isolated from plants and animals. Many of
them, particularly those with high molar
masses, have fragrant or penetrating
odors. They are usually known by their
common names, which can indicate their
natural sources or perhaps a characteristic
property. Aromatic aldehydes are usually
used as flavouring agents.
Naming Scheme
The IUPAC system may be used for
naming aldehydes. First identify the
longest hydrocarbon chain that contains a
carbonyl group. Replace the –e ending of
the hydrocarbon by –al to designate an
aldehyde.
Ex) Methane  Methanal
IUPAC Examples
HCHO
CH3CHO
C2H5CHO
C3H7CHO
C4H9CHO
C5H11CHO
C6H13CHO
methanal
ethanal
propanal
butanal
pentanal
hexanal
heptanal
Formaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Propionaldehyde
Butyraldehyde
Valeraldehyde
Caproaldehyde
Heptaldehyde
*this continues up to decanal  C9H19CHO
Common Aldehydes
HCHO
CH3CHO
C5H11CHO
C6H5CHO
C6H5CH=CHCHO
CH3O(OH)C6H3CHO
Methanal (Formaldehyde)
Ethanal (Acetaldehyde)
Hexanal (Caproaldehyde)
Benzaldehyde
Cinnamaldehyde
(3-phenyl-2-propenal)
Vanillin (4-hydroxy-3methoxybenzaldehyde)
Everyday Use
 Methanal or Formaldehyde is used as a
preservative, usually for dead bodies or animals.
 Benzaldehyde, also known as almond oil, is
used as a constituent of almonds. It is a
colorless liquid with a pleasant almond scent.
 Cinnamaldehyde, or better known as cinnamon,
is a spice used in everyday cooking. Used for
dishes such as cinnamon toast.
 Vanillin, or vanilla, is used for everyday cooking
as well. It is solely meant for vanilla flavoring.
Fact!
Ethanol, better yet known as booze,
excretes ethanal (Acetaldehyde) from our
body. Therefore, ethanal being an
aromatic aldehyde, is actually the scent
we can smell off of someone who has
been drinking. Basically, ethanol goes in,
ethanal comes out.