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The two kingdoms of bacteria:
Archaebacteria
&
Eubacteria
What type of cells?
• Prokaryotes: cells do not have a nucleus
• Eukaryotes: cells have a nucleus
• All bacteria are prokaryotes.
How many cells?
• All bacteria are unicellular.
How do they reproduce?
• Binary fission: simple cell division in which
one cell splits into two
• Is this sexual or asexual reproduction?
What shapes are bacteria?
• Most bacteria have a cell wall that
determines the shape of the bacteria.
• There are three main shapes of bacteria:
Shapes
Bacilli
What are eubacteria?
• Consumers: obtain energy from other
organisms
– Decomposers: get energy from dead
organisms
– Parasites: invade other cells to obtain food
• Producers: make their own food
– Some use photosynthesis
What are archaebacteria?
• Live in places with very harsh conditions.
• Three kinds:
– Methane makers: excrete methane and are
found in swamps
– Heat lovers: live in places of very high
temperature such as ocean vents
– Salt lovers: live in places of very high salt
concentration such as the Dead Sea
Bellringer
• How do bacteria reproduce?
• Binary fission
Bacteria
•
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Prokaryotes (no nucleus)
Unicellular
Reproduce asexually (binary fission)
Three shapes: spirillia,cocci, and bacilli
Bacteria in the world
The good, the bad, and the ugly.
The Good…for the environment
• Bacteria are essential to the environment.
• They take nitrogen out of the air and turn it
into a form that can be used by plants in a
process called nitrogen fixation.
• Decomposing bacteria break down dead
things and recycle those nutrients so that
they are available to other organisms.
The Good… for people
• Bacteria have been manipulated to
produce antibiotics to fight different
bacteria.
• Bacteria have been manipulated to
produce other drugs such as insulin.
The Good…for people
• Bacteria are used in
dairy processing to
add flavor and add
preservatives.
The Bad
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Strep throat
Pneumonia
Tuberculosis
Leprosy
Bubonic plague
Food poisoning
Anthrax