Download Nucleic Acids PP

What IS DNA anyway?
Do Now 10/25
OBJECTIVE:
1. Describe the structure, functions and types of nucleic
acids.
TASK:
1. Reminder: enzyme lab due MONDAY.
2. Which of the following is most likely a lipid?
C5H10O5
NH2CHCH2OHCOOH
C11H23COOH
C11H23COOH: A Fatty Acid
• Although there is no true monomer of
lipids, the compound shown is an example
of a common lipid subunit called a fatty
acid:
Long nonpolar tail
•
CH3(CH2)10
“fatty”
Polar carboxylic acid group
COOH
“acid”
Fatty Acids are Parts of Important
Lipids
DNA’s Basic Structure isn’t Complex
• Just like polysaccharides are long chains
of…
• And proteins are 1 or more long chains of
…
• Nucleic Acids are long chains of…
NUCLEOTIDES
Nucleotides: The Subunits of
Nucleic Acids
A, C, G, T, U
DNA & RNA
Are Made
Up of
Nucleotides
Sugar –
Phosphate
Backbone
Hydrogen
bonds
between base
pairs hold the
two strands
together
This model animation shows
approximately 40 nucleotides
arranged in a double helix (2stranded spiral.)
DNA is a chemical that stores
information.
It’s like a hard drive. Computers
store information as 1s and 0s.
DNA and RNA store information
as As, Ts, Gs, and Cs.
Just like an iPod stores your
favorite songs, DNA stores your
species favorite biological
instructions.
• DNA stores important information
• RNA Processes and
transfers information
DNA & RNA: The 2 types of
Nucleic Acids
DNA
Monomer
# strands
RNA
DNA Nucleotides RNA Nucleotides
(deoxyribose
(ribose sugar)
sugar)
2
1
Function
Store Information Process
Information
Bases
A,T,G,C
A,U,G,C
The sugars aren’t that different.
RNA Structure
• Because RNA
molecules are single
stranded, they can have
a great variety of shapes
and structures.
• These shapes are
formed by the single
stranded molecule
hydrogen bonding to
itself in different ways
Self-replicating
RNA molecules
Wrap Up:
• What are nucleic acids made of?
• What element do nucleotides have that other monomers don’t?
• What do nucleic acids do?
• What are the two types of nucleic acids?
• What holds the two strands of a DNA molecule together?
• What are some of the differences between DNA and RNA?