Download PPT Chapter 03 Nature Nurture Quiz

Step Up To: Psychology
Nature / Nurture
Psychology, Eighth Edition
By David G. Myers
Chapter 3: Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity
You’re one of a kind
Evolve
‘had to be
there.
Designer Genes
Cats ‘n Dogs
1. Identical twins develop from:
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A) a single egg and two sperms.
B) two eggs and a single sperm.
C) a single egg and a single sperm.
D) two eggs and two sperms.
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2. A spiraling, complex molecule
containing genes is called:
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A) DNA.
B) a chromosome.
C) a genome.
D) a gene complex.
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3. In adoption studies, scientists have
found:
• A) adopted children have personalities closer to the
parents who raised them.
• B) adopted children have personalities closer to the
other children they were raised with.
• C) adopted children have personalities shaped
predominantly from their environments.
• D) adopted children have personalities closer to
their biological parents.
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4. Mitch was extremely emotionally
inhibited and fearful as a 2 year-old, and at
age 6 continued to be very shy. This
illustrates the importance of:
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A) parenting styles.
B) temperament.
C) chromosomal matching.
D) early trauma on later behavior.
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5.
Based on research about human
behavior, the conclusion your text
makes is:
• A) heredity is much more important.
• B) the environment is much more
important.
• C) the interaction of heredity and
environment is more accurate.
• D) our personalities are determined before
birth.
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6. Demitry Belyaev and Lyudmilla Trut
successfully:
• A) cloned a sheep that lived to adulthood.
• B) mapped the human genome.
• C) domesticated wild foxes by selective
mating.
• D) created the first “hybrid” of a plant and
an animal combination.
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7. According to Richard Lewontin, a noted
geneticist, if there was a world catastrophe
and only Kenyans survived:
• A) there would be an irretrievable loss of
human diversity.
• B) there would be a trivial reduction in human
diversity.
• C) the human race would evolve to a very
unusual form.
• D) future humans would be unable to deal
with colder climates.
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8. “Nature selects behaviors
that increase the likelihood of sending one’s
genes into the future,” would be a
fundamental statement made by:
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A) evolutionary psychology.
B) fundamental psychology.
C) functional psychology.
D) environmental psychology.
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9. A major criticism of scientists
against evolutionary psychology is:
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A) people did not evolve from monkeys.
B) the bible gives the true origin of humans.
C) interpretations are “far-fetched”.
D) their theories start with an effect and
work backwards to propose an explanation.
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10. In studying worldwide mating
preferences, researchers have found
that, in 37 countries:
• A) men prefer thinner women.
• B) women prefer mates with wealth and
status.
• C) mating preferences differed according to
cultural norms.
• D) women are marrying younger than ever
before.
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11. Rats raised in more stimulating
environments resulted in:
• A) “talented” rats who could count to
ten.
• B) happier and more sociable rats.
• C) larger brains and more synaptic
connections.
• D) increased sexual activity.
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12. Shared environmental influences
account for ___ of children’s
personality differences.
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A) less than 10 percent.
B) about 50 percent.
C) about 25 percent.
D) more than 50 percent.
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13. Environmental influences in
childhood are more likely to affect ___
in adoptive children.
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A) temperament
B) political attitudes
C) sexual preference
D) extraversion
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14. When asked about her son’s shyness,
Mrs. Jones responds, “Oh, he will grow
out of it.” You know that:
• A) she is probably right.
• B) shyness is a lasting trait of
temperament.
• C) he was probably traumatized.
• D) he probably learned this from modeling
one of his parents.
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15. Children who grow up hearing one accent
of speech at home and a different one from
their peers:
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A) do not develop accents.
B) develop accents similar to their parents.
C) develop accents similar to their peers.
D) has no relation to their own speech.
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16. Each cultural group evolves its own
rules for expected and accepted behavior
called:
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A) folkways.
B) unspoken rules.
C) etiquette.
D) norms.
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17. Of all the cultures listed, choose the one
below that prefers the greatest amount of
personal space.
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A) Arabs
B) British
C) French
D) Mexican
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18. Frank was born with birth defects
because his mother used drugs while she
was pregnant with him. This illustrates the
harmful influence of:
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A) genetic coding.
B) natural selection.
C) prenatal environments.
D) inadequate parenting.
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19. Identical twins can differ in their
development before they are born in cases
of:
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A) genetic mutations.
B) two placentas.
C) different fathers.
D) alcohol abuse.
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20. If a teenager is beginning to use drugs,
it is most likely the result of:
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A) misinformation.
B) poor parenting.
C) peer pressure.
D) cultural influences.
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21. Boys usually play ____ and girls usually
play ____.
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A) socially; aggressively
B) aggressively; competitively
C) with one friend; in large groups
D) large groups with an activity; with
one friend
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22. When dealing with stress, women are
more often likely to:
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A) have emotional breakdowns.
B) turn to others for support.
C) become aggressive.
D) run away.
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23. When a female fetus is exposed to too
much testosterone, the result is most often:
• A) she will be more “tomboyish” until
puberty.
• B) she will grow up to be a lesbian.
• C) she will think of herself as a boy
trapped in a girl’s body.
• D) all of the above.
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24: A set of expectations about the way men
and women should behave are:
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A) cultural norms.
B) gender identity.
C) male-female constructs.
D) gender roles.
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25. According to ___, children learn genderlinked behaviors by observing and imitating
or by being reinforced.
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A) behavioral theory
B) gender schema theory
C) social learning theory
D) cultural determinism theory
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Answers
1.
C
9.
D
17.
B
2.
A
10.
B
18.
C
3.
D
11.
C
19.
B
4.
B
12.
A
20.
C
5.
C
13.
B
21.
D
6.
C
14.
B
22.
B
7.
B
15.
C
23.
A
8.
A
16.
D
24.
D
25.
C