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Science Department 3ndprep. Model Answer Radioactivity *Complete: 1. Heneri Becquerel 2. Rem *Scientific term: 1. …. 2. Rem 3. Radioactivity phenomenon *Give reason for: 1. To prevent spreading of radiation in the environment *State the contribution: 1. He discovered the radioactivity when he discovered unseen rays from the uranium-235. 2. His theories are used as bases for making the atomic bomb. *What’s meant by? 1. Unit of measuring the absorbed radioactivity. 2. It is Spontaneous conversion of nuclei of some radioactive elements to achieve more stable state accompanied by emission of neutrons & radiations (alpha – beta – gamma) *Define: 1. It is Spontaneous conversion of nuclei of some radioactive elements to achieve more stable state accompanied by emission of neutrons & radiations (alpha – beta – gamma) Medicine Diagnose & Treat cancer Agriculture Eliminate pests – improve kinds of plants Industry Convert sand into silicon sheets (computers & electronics) Generating Electricity Nuclear energy used to heat water forming steam to turn turbines & generate electricity *Mention: Answer 1 & 2 1) Don’t expose to radiation more than 5 rem each day. 2) Workers with radioactivity should wear special gloves, masks & clothes to protect from radioactivity. 3) Radioactive waste should be kept away from the underground water. 4) Radioactive waste should be stored in safe place (no earthquakes or volcanoes) 5) Radioactive waste should be stored away from animals in caves not to spread the radiations in the environment. 6) Radioactive waste should be surrounded by cement layer and buried deep in the ground away of the habitat areas. 7) Nuclear plants (reactors) shouldn’t throw water used in cooling in the seas & lakes (some use artificial lakes). 3. It is Spontaneous conversion of nuclei of some radioactive elements to achieve more stable state accompanied by emission of neutrons & radiations (alpha – beta – gamma) *Large dose for short time: 1. Damage of spleen, digestive & nervous system. 2. Damage of bone marrow responsible for formation of red blood cells leading to being sick – sore throat – nausea – vertigo – diarrhea. *Give reason for: Because it contains number of neutrons more than needed for its stability. Science Department 3rd prep Model answers(Science book) Define each of the following: 1.Mendel’s first law (Low of segregation of factors): When two individual of any hereditary traits are different form each other, only the dominant trait appear in the first generation, while the two traits appear in the second generation in a ratio 3:1 2.Mendel’s second law: When two individuals bearing a pair or more of alternative traits are crossed, the trait of each pair is inherited independently of the others, and appear in the second generation with ratio 3:1 What happens in each of the following: 1.yellow seeds and green seeds appear in ratio 3 yellow :1 green 2.To prevent cross pollinate from other flower. Choose: 1.a&c Write the scientific term: 1. Gametes. 2. Mendel’s first low. Model answer of genes. *Define:1.Mutation :- is the change in the nature of hereditary factors that control the hereditary traits of the living organisms which results in the change in the living organism traits. 2.Gametes:-reproductive cells produced from the meiotic division and contains the half no. of chromosomes. 3.Gene:- is the part of DNA that carries the hereditary traits of the living organism. 4.Nucleutide:- is the building unit of the gene that is consisting of deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous base. *Complete the following:1.DNA , protein. 2.genetic, spontaneous. *Put ( ) or (×):1. false 2. True *Choose the correct answer:1. a 2. b *Write the scientific term:1. Nucleutide 2. Genetic mutation *State the contribution of the following scientists:1. Mendel:- states the laws of genetics.. how can the hereditary traits transferred from the parents to their offsprings … and the traits are two contrasting and their transfere .. 2.Watson and creek:- state the structure of DNA which is similar to the double helix . *Give reason for:- because the somatic mutation which is happened in the somatic cells is not transmitted from parents in to their offsprings… Model Answer Hormones * Mention: 1. Diabetes 2. Prepares the body to face emergencies 3. Reduces the level of sugar in blood * Scientific explanation: 1. Due to the deficiency in the secretion of growth hormone in childhood. 2. Bec insulin reduces the amount of sugar in blood through storing the excess sugar in liver. 3. Bec it controls the function of other endocrine glands. 4. Bec it acts as endocrine gland to secrete insulin and glucagon hormones, and as associated gland to the digestive system to secrete enzymes help in digestion of fats. * Complete: 1. 2. 3. 4. Growth Insulin Pituitary – growth Insulin – glucose * Put (√) or (x): 1. (x) simple goiter 2. (x) gigantism 3. (x) ductless glands * What is meant by? 1. Ductless glands that secretes hormones directly to the blood stream. 2. A disease occurs due to the deficiency of insulin hormone causing increasing the level of glucose sugar in blood. * Choose: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Adrenalin Estrogen Testosterone Thyroxin Insulin Calcitonin Thyroid * Scientific term: 1. Hormones 2. Endocrine gland * Correct: 1. 2. 3. 4. Estrogen Pituitary Feedback Iodine * What would happen ----? 1. 2. 3. 4. Dwarfism disease Simple goiter disease The sugar level will increase in blood Exophthalmic goiter disease * Diagram showing the feedback mechanism for homoeostasis and maintaining human sugar * Diagram showing the relation between the secretion of the thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroxin hormone * Compare between: 1. The two testes and ovaries (in concern of their hormones and functions). Gland Hormone Function Testosterone Responsible for the appearance of the male Testes secondary sex characters Estrogen Responsible for the appearance of the female secondary sex characters ------------------------------ progestrone Responsible for the occurrence of pregnancy and its continuity Ovaries