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Chapter 9-1 Notes Standard 10.4.1 Standard 10.4.1 • Describe the rise of industrial economies, and their link to imperialism and colonialism – National security – Moral issues raised by search for national hegemony – Social Darwinism – Missionary impulse – Material issues such as land, resources, and technology Essential Question-What is imperialism and how did the Industrial Revolution lead to Imperialism? Motives Driving the New Imperialism • Western Nations Dominate – Science, Technology, Transportation, and Communication • Imperialism – The domination of one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region • Europe had colonies in: – South Asia, Africa, and China Economic Motives • Industrial Revolution benefitted Europe – Manufacturers wanted access to natural resources – New Consumers – http://exploringafrica.m atrix.msu.edu/teachers /curriculum/m6/activity 4.php Humanitarian/Religious Goals • Colonial officials believed they had a duty to spread what they saw as the blessings of Western Civilization – Medicine – Law – Christianity Applying Social Darwinism • Social Darwinism – Survival of the Fittest – Racial Superiority • Millions of non-Westerners were robbed of their cultural heritage Western Advantages – Strong Economies – Well Organized Governments – Powerful armies/navies – Superior Technology – Medical Knowledge – Machine Guns – Repeating Rifles – Steam Drives Warships Forms Direct rule Indirect Rule PROTECTORATE Example Officials from France ruled over colony-Imposed culture Local rulers governed but were educated in British culture (puppets) Local rulers are left in place; were expected to follow the advice of European advisors (puppets) An area where outside power SPHERE OF INFLUENCE claims exclusive rights there (China) European Conquest of Africa • “I contend that we are the first race in the world and that the more of the world we inhabit the better it is for the human race. I contend that every acre added to our territory provides for the birth of more of the English race, who otherwise would not be brought into existence…I believe it to be my duty to God, my Queen, and my country to paint the whole map of Africa red, red from the Cape to Cairo. That is my creed, my dream and my mission.” – Cecil Rhodes • “A pink cheek man came one day to our Council…and he told us of the king of the Pink cheek who…lived in a land over the seas. This great king is now your king, he said, This was strange news. For this land was ours…we had no king, we elected our Councils and they made our laws. With patience, our leading Elders tried to tell the Pink cheek…But at the end he said, This we know, but in spite of this what I have told you is a fact. You have now a king…and his laws are your laws.” – Chief Kabongo of the Kikuyu in Kenya Standards Check • How did the Industrial Revolution encourage Imperialism? • Describe the theory of Social Darwinism. • What advantages did Westernized countries have?