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Anatomy & Physiology
Heart Dissection
Objectives:
 Students will be able to identify the parts of the heart (externally and internally).
 Students will be able to trace the pathway of blood through the heart and from the lungs to the heart and
back.
 Students will be able to identify the major blood vessels associated with the heart.
Materials:
Sheep and/or Pig Heart
Dissecting Tools/Trays
* Your diagram packet.
Dissecting Guides (in labs)
Heart Diagrams & Models (in labs & texts)
Background:
Students should have a thorough understanding of the heart and its components. Major vocabulary
include (but are not limited to): pericardium, left ventricle, right ventricle, left atrium, right atrium, pulmonary
artery, aorta, superior vena cava, and the pulmonary veins.
Your notes, textbook and the diagram packet should be used to walk you through this procedure.
Consult the 3D model and charts of the human heart as well.
Part 1: Sheep and/or Pig Heart Dissection Procedure:
 Be sure to check off ALL structures found on the dissection chart (analysis #2) within this lab report as
you dissect the heart.
 Look at your heart. Locate the major structures. Use a probe if necessary to identify the pulmonary
veins.
 Identify the following components of the heart:
o Left and right atrium
o Pulmonary artery
o Pulmonary Veins
o Left and right ventricle
o Inferior and superior vena cava
 BEFORE cutting into this heart, label the exterior heart (#1 analysis).
 Beginning at the pulmonary artery, cut through the right ventricle.
 Identify the following components of the heart:
o Pulmonary Semilunar Valve (valve at the exit of the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle)
o Tricuspid Valve (thin membrane that separates the right ventricle and right atrium)
o Chordae Tendineae (connective tissue within the tricuspid valve)
 Cut the tricuspid valve into the right atrium.
 Identify the following areas components of the heart:
o Myocardium (muscle layer of the heart)
o Superior vena cava, Inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus (you may have to open the atrium
wide to witness these veins)
o Septa (walls between the right and left sides of the heart)
 Turning the heart the left side, cut through the left atrium and left ventricle, through the mitral valve
(bicuspid valve) to the apex of the heart.
 Examine the left ventricle. You will notice another chordae tendineae.
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 Identify the following areas components of the heart:
o Aortic semilunar valve (leads to the aorta)
 Cut the aorta and open this.
 Identify the following areas components of the heart:
o Left and right coronary arteries (opening within the aorta that carry oxygenated blood)
Please place the specimen in the proper bags, clean your tray and instruments and clean your working area with
disinfectant wipes. Wash your hands and return your goggles after rinsing them.
 Complete the analysis section.
Analysis:
1. (6 points) Label the following components: aorta, left atrium, right atrium, left and right ventricle.
2. (5 points) Identification of structures of the heart. Check the structures found:
Left Atrium
Right Atrium
Pulmonary Artery
Pulmonary Veins
Left Ventricle
Right Ventricle
Inferior Vena Cava
Superior Vena Cava
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
Tricuspid Valve
Chordae Tendineae
Myocardium
Coronary Sinus
Septa
Aortic Semiluna Valve
Left Coronary Sinus
Right Coronary Sinus
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Part 2: The Human Heart:
Procedure:
 Use the dissection guides, the 3D model, your notes, and your textbook as resources to help you answer
the following questions.
Analysis
 Answer the following questions in dark blue or black ink. Write in complete sentences.
1. (4 points) Compare the sheep’s heart to the human heart. A minimum of 4 comparisons should be made
discussing structure and/or function. DO NOT STATE SIZE OR LOCATION!
2. (3 points) Trace a drop of blood through the heart using blue (deoxygenated) and red (oxygenated) pencils.
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3. (2 points) The human heart acts as a double pump working both pulmonary circulation and systematic
circulation. Explain what this means.
4. (2 points) The heart is a muscle that displays rhythmicity. The SA node (sinoatrial node) and AV node
(atrioventricular node) may play a role in this. Look up the roles of these and explain their roles in the heart and
how they how the heart maintain its rhythm. Relate these to each other.