Download Women`s Studies Final Study Guide Fall 2013 Mrs. Tumanyan

Women’s Studies Final Study Guide
Fall 2013
Mrs. Tumanyan
Bubble in the appropriate letter on the Scantron for each question.
1.
Which of the definitions below is an appropriate description of feminism, in
general?
2.
How did women’s studies emerge?
3.
Which of these statements is not true?
4.
When boys are socialized into contemporary masculinity through shaming
practices that ridicule expressions of femininity, this process is called
5.
What expression best illustrates a gender stereotype?
6.
Beliefs regarding specific traits and behaviors of males and females are referred
to as
7.
The following are examples of environmental influences on gender differences
EXCEPT:
8.
The term ____refers to biological differences between men and women, while the
term ____ refers to psychological differences, such as masculine vs. feminine.
a. Gender / Sex
b. Transsexual / Intersexual
c. Intersexual / Transsexual
d. Sex / Gender
e. Heterosexual / Homosexual
9.
Which of the following classroom activities promotes gender equity?
a. Reading books on leadership and governance with predominately male
characters.
b. Allowing all girls to answer questions without raising their hands.
c. Conducting an assessment every three years to determine if stereotypical
practices exist in instruction.
d. Grouping students according to strengths and abilities.
e. Engaging in class discussion about stereotypes found in books and
instructional material.
10.
Refers to traits that are inherited or biological.
11.
Social learning is when we
12.
The best definition(s) of androcentrism is/are
a. That women are “others” and men are “humans”
b. That men and women are equally human
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c. A confusion of maleness with humanity
d. A and C
e. None of the above
13.
Why is there a discrepancy in decent work opportunities between adult men and
women?
14.
Gender is a social construct.
a. True
b. False
15.
Persons who believe that feminism is obsolete are considered
a. Postwomanists
b. Postfeminists
c. Anti-feminists
d. None of the above
16.
What is the organized resistance to feminism called?
a. Misogyny
b. Gender opposition
c. Backlash
d. None of the above
17.
Poet, Alice Walker coined the term ___________ to describe ____________
feminism in contrast to feminism.
18.
Institutionalized means
a. Officially placed into a structured system or set of practices
b. To make something part of a structured and well-established system
c. Both A and B
d. None of the above
19.
Privilege is best defined as
20.
Which of the following is NOT a system that facilitates privilege and
inequality, subordination and domination?
a. Ableism, racism
b. Sizism, sexism
c. Ageism, heterosexism
d. Looksism, classism
e. Humanitarianism, idealism
21.
Which of the following statements is/are true about institutions?
22.
Being a lesbian would NOT be a “difference” that invokes cultural resistance if it
were not for compulsory heterosexuality.
a. True
b. False
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23.
Asking the question, “Different from what?” reveals how difference gets
constructed against what people think of as “normal.”
a. True
b. False
24.
“Normality” tends to reflect the identities of
25.
Institutions are social organizations that involve established patterns of behavior
organized around particular purposes.
a. True
b. False
26.
The bootstrap myth refers to the idea that people who are motivated and work
hard enough (no matter where they start from in society) can “pull themselves up
by their bootstraps” and obtain economic success. This idea is especially
celebrated in capitalist countries.
a. True
b. False
27.
Homophobia is
a. Fear and dislike of those who do not identify as heterosexual or “straight”
b. The irrational fear and hatred of those who love and sexually desire those of
the same sex
c. Fear of heterosexuals
d. Both A and B
e. None of the above
28.
Which of the following statements is not true:
a. Ideology is a set of ideas, values, and beliefs produced by institutions.
b. Institutions produce messages that shape our understandings of social life
through ideas, values, stereotypes and jokes.
c. Ideology provides the rationale (basis) for justice.
d. Stereotypes and ideologies that support systems of inequality involve
prejudices (prejudging without adequate information or with inaccurate
information).
e. All of the above are true
29.
30.
Generally speaking, it is easier to grant that others are disadvantaged
than to admit being privileged.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. Prejudices are internalized (assimilated, integrated, or incorporated into our
thoughts and behavior) by all of us.
b. If we are members of the target group (the group against whom prejudice is
aimed), it can lead to low self-esteem, self-loathing, and shame, making us
less likely to seek equality.
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c. Even though humans have active agency and will, prejudices cannot be
resisted.
d. Members of the non-target groups (often part of the mythical norm) against
whom prejudice is not aimed, also internalize these messages as well as
messages about their own privilege, which can encourage or justify hostility
against target groups.
e. Internalizing oppression means policing ourselves and others to make sure we
all comply with institutions that encourage oppression of target groups.
31.
How one feels internally about one’s gender is called
32.
Maleness or femaleness is attributed to biology, while femininity and masculinity
are social constructs.
a. True
b. False
33.
If you were to wander around in a toy store in the United States, the social
construction of gender would be very obvious.
a. True
b. False
34.
Men are not necessarily better athletes than women; rather, sports, as an
institution, has developed to reflect the particular athletic competencies of men.
a. True
b. False
35.
Which reason(s) below perhaps cause families and health professionals to make
an immediate sex determination for children born as hermaphrodites (intersexed)?
36.
There are some people who consider themselves _____________ or who claim a
gender identity or expression different from the one usually associated with the
sex at their birth.
a. Transphobia
b. Transexed
c. Hermaphrodites
d. Transgendered
e. None of the above
37.
The term used for men who have contempt for women is ________________
38.
If one lacked gender differentiation or had a balanced mixture of recognizable
feminine and masculine traits, one would look __________
a. Misogynistic
b. Androidal
c. Androgynous
d. Transvestite
e. Transgendered
39.
The “machismo” element in men revolves around confidence and competence.
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a. True
b. False
40.
When it comes to women, traits assigned as feminine are more valued than those
considered masculine.
a. True
b. False
41.
Gender ranking sets the stage for
42.
Gender is culturally and historically changeable. Meaning, femininity and
masculinity are social categories that mean different things in different societies
and in different historical periods.
a. True
b. False
43.
Gender is a practice in which all people engage. Gender is something we “do”
rather than something we “have.”
a. True
b. False
44.
When we are taught and learn the appropriate thinking and behaviors associated
with being a boy or a girl in any given society, we call this
a. Gender bias
b. Cisgender
c. Gender Socialization
d. Transsexuality
e. Transgender
45.
If a man dresses as a woman during a theatrical performance, that means he is a
cross-dresser.
a. True
b. False
46.
Men are associated with Mars, the Roman god of war, whereas women are
associated with Venus, the goddess of love.
a. True
b. False
47.
All of the following are adjectives associated with traditional notions of
femininity EXCEPT:
48.
Which of the following statements is/are true about notions of masculinity?
49.
The image of the chaste, domestic, caring mother or Madonna and the image of
the seducing, fun-loving woman is an example of a double bind (the two opposite
images of women create tension as women try to understand notions of
femininity.)
a. True
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b. False
50.
According to our text, bodies are not only reflections of social norms and
practices but also sites of
a. Identity, self-expression, and performance
b. Identity, performance and objectification
c. Performance, objectification and self-expression
d. Identify, self-care, performance and gender
e. All of the above
51.
Our understanding of body cannot exist outside of
a. Personal appreciation of the body
b. The society that gives it meaning
c. What we think about our own bodies
d. The society that celebrates every kind of body
e. The body has no significance whatsoever
52.
Bodies are like cultural artifacts because
a. Culture shapes and objectifies the body
b. Culture respects the body like a work of art
c. Culture has no interest in bodies
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
53.
In the 21st century, in the United States, women have been encouraged to adopt
which of the following as the beauty ideal?
54.
The main symptom(s) of Anorexia-Nervosa is/are:
55.
Bulimia Nervosa’s main symptom(s) is/are
56.
There is only one standard of beauty. Ideals of beauty do not really change
across cultures and historical periods.
a. True
b. False
57.
What is the central issue for third wave feminism?
58.
So “What’s wrong with being beautiful?” Many feminists would respond by
saying that it is not beauty that is a problem, but rather, the way that beauty has
been constructed by the dominant culture.
a. True
b. False
59.
The best example of women “policing” each other to impose beauty standards
and sanctions would take the form of
60.
The image of perfect bodies are fabricated by a male-dominated culture and are
reinforced by multi-billion dollar industries.
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a. True
b. False
61.
Which of the following sentence is not true about sexual scripts? Sexual scripts
_______
a. Are socially constructed and reflect social norms and practices
b. Provide frameworks and guidelines for sexual feelings and behaviors
c. Are shaped by the communities and societies in which we participate and
therefore are socially constructed
d. Reflect social norms and practices
e. Do not vary across cultures and time and are not informed by societal
understandings of gender and power.
62.
The old-fashioned term courtship refers to
63.
Romantic love is about a couple coming together, sharing the excitement of an
erotic relationship, and feeling united with the other so that the other becomes
unique and irreplaceable.
a. True
b. False
64.
Romantic love is a cultural phenomenon and not necessarily a basis for marriage.
a. True
b. False
65.
Romance is industrialized and dating is associated with consuming products and
going places.
a. True
b. False
66.
Heteropatriarchy presumes homosexuality as a social norm.
a. True
b. False
67.
Compulsory heterosexuality is the expectation that everyone should be
heterosexual.
a. True
b. False
68.
Heteronormativity is the assumption of bisexuality as the norm.
a. True
b. False
69.
Which of the following statements is not true about emotional intimacy?
a. Emotional intimacy is defined as sharing aspects of the self with others with
the goal of mutual understanding.
b. Traditionally, men have been socialized to be emotional and emotionally
expressive.
c. Women tend to be more skilled at intimacy than men.
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d. Gender roles/performances shape the experiences of intimacy depending on
how culture or society defines appropriate expressions of emotional intimacy
for men and women.
e. All of the above are true statements
70.
Feminist film theorist Laura Mulvey identifies the “male gaze” as a primary motif
for understanding gender in filmmaking. She argues that movies are essentially
made through and for the male gaze and fulfill a voyeuristic desire for men to
look at women as objects.
a. True
b. False
71.
Rap has perpetuated misogyny and violence against women in its orientation and
musical lyrics.
a. True
b. False
72.
Both Madonna and Lady Gaga are feminist icons who simultaneously support
and resist female sexualization because they perpetuate gendered stereotypes
about sexualized women but are important role models for women who want to
be active agents in their lives.
a. True
b. False
73.
Destiny Child, Beyonce, Christina Aguilera, and Pink are disrespected female
artists because they are both sexual and assertively feminist.
a. True
b. False
74.
Virginia Woolf’s response to the question “Why has there been no female
Shakespeare?” is
a. No woman had been capable of producing great art/literature.
b. Women are intellectually inferior to men.
c. Social conditions of women’s lives prevented such artistic endeavors.
d. Although women did write, even in the time of Shakespeare, their works we
often neglected because women’s writing were not considered great works of
literature.
e. Both C and D are correct
75.
Which of the following statements is false?
a. Just as female writers have been ignored, misrepresented and trivialized, so
too female artists and musicians have faced similar struggles.
b. Women’s art has often been labeled “crafts” rather than art.
c. Women writers often used a male pen name and disguised their identity in
order to have their work published or shown.
d. The academy is still androcentric because even though women’s art is being
reclaimed and introduced into the art history curriculum, it is taught in the
context of “women’s art,” identifying women artists as “others.”
e. All of the above are true statements.
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Short Answer: Select two of the topics below and write a 5-11 sentence paragraph
responding to each topic (5 points each). Use appropriate terminology and specific
examples to illustrate your point. For extra credit, respond to three questions.
76.
Summarize the key points of Virginia Woolf’s essay “Thinking About
Shakespeare’s Sister.” Why is there no female equivalent of Shakespeare?
77.
Discuss the emotional and physical consequences of eating disorders.
78.
What are some of the complications that can occur if someone has an eating
disorder?
79.
List and explain the four points concerning the “Beauty” ideals.
80.
Discuss the negative effects of the media on women. How does the portrayal of
women we see on TV, in music videos, in advertisements and magazines affect
our self-image? What standards of beauty are portrayed
81.
Discuss the practice of body art/body modification. What are common body
modifications in the United States? How do these practices express and reinforce
gender?
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