Download Ecology Test Review

Ecology Test Review
The test will be short answer and multiple choice. Glue this into your comp
book and answer in your comp book. Due beginning of class
wed./thurs.
Section 3.1 and 3.2: Energy Flow
1. List and define the six levels of ecological organization.
2. What is the main source of energy for ecosystems?
3. What is the equation for photosynthesis?
4. Define the following terms and give a living example of each:

Producer

Autotroph

Consumer

Heterotroph

Carnivore

Herbivore

Omnivore

Detritivore

Decomposer
5. Draw a food web using the following information:

Krill, cod, and whales eat plankton

Whales and cod eat krill

Whales eat cod
On your food web, label the following:

producer; first, second, and third level consumers

first, second, third, and fourth trophic levels

show how whales can occupy the second, third, and fourth trophic levels
6. Draw an energy pyramid using the plankton, krill, cod, and whales above.
a. How much energy gets passed from one trophic level to the next?
b. What is the main reason that not all energy gets passed between trophic levels?
7. Draw a biomass pyramid using the plankton, krill, cod, and whales above.
a. define biomass
Section 3.3: Cycles of Matter
8. Why is water important to living things?
9. Define the following terms: precipitation, condensation, run-off, root uptake, evaporation,
transpiration
10. Why is carbon important to living things?
11. List three ways that carbon dioxide gets into the air.
12. How is gaseous carbon (CO2) converted to solid carbon that can be used by producers and
consumers?
13. How is solid carbon deposited back into the ground?
14. Why is nitrogen important to living things?
15. Define nitrogen fixation and denitrification.
16. Why is phosphorus needed by living things?
17. What is the main source of phosphorus for plants and animals?
18. How do energy and matter flow differently through ecosystems? Provide an example of each.
Section 4.1: The Role of Climate
19. What is the difference between climate and weather?
20. What are the four major contributors to climate?
21. Define ‘range of tolerance’ and explain why salmon are dying in dammed rivers.
22. What are the earth’s three climate zones?
23. What is the greenhouse effect and what three gases cause it?
24. What is the greatest contributor to excess CO2 in our atmosphere?
25. What are three consequences of global warming?
Section 4.2: Interactions in Ecosystems
26. What is a niche?
27. What is the competitive exclusion principle?
28. Define and give an example of the following:
a. predation
b. mutualism
c. parasitism
d. commensalism
29. What is an invasive species, and how do they cause the extinction of native species?
Section 5.1: Populations Basics
30. What are population size and population density?
31. Write an equation representing the growth rate of a population.
32. Draw a graph representing exponential population growth. Label the axes.
33. Why is exponential population growth hard to find in nature?
5.2: Limits to Population Growth
34. List two biotic and two abiotic factors that limit population growth.
35. Of the above factors you listed, which depend on population density (density-dependent) and
which limit population regardless of density (density-independent)?
36. Populations have a carrying capacity. Define carrying capacity and give an example.
37. Answer the following questions for the graph below:
a. Draw a logistic graph.
b. Put an ‘x’ where the population is increasing exponentially. Put a ‘o’ where the birth and
death rate are equal.
c. Why is this graph a more accurate representation of population growth than an
exponential curve is?
Human Impacts on the Environment
38. Define and give an example of:
a. Renewable Resources
b. Non-Renewable Resource
39. List three ways that humans are depleting renewable resources.
40. What does the movement for sustainable development advocate?