Download chemistry 30 / unit c chemical changes of organic compounds

CHEMISTRY 30 / UNIT C CHEMICAL CHANGES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
[A] CONCEPTS DEVELOPED FOR THIS UNIT –
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
NAMING COMPOUNDS
STRUCTURAL ISOMERS
MONOMERS
ALIPHATIC AND AROMATICS
SATURATED/UNSATURATED
STRUCTURAL FORMULAS
POLYMERS
ESTRIFICATION
IDENTIFY FUNCTIONAL GROUPS – ALCOHOLS , CARBOXYLIC ACIDS – ESTERS
HOLOGENATED HYDROCARBONS
1) COMBUSTION REACTIONS
2) POLYMERIZATION
4) SUBSTITUTION REACTION
5) ELIMINATION REACTION
3) ADDITION REACTION
GENERAL OUTCOME 1 - EXPLORE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AS A COMMON FORM OF MATTER
[1] SPECIFIC OUTCOMES FOR KNOWLEDGE - students will
K.1 Define organic compounds containing carbon, recognizing inorganic exceptions such as
( carbonates,cyanides, carbides, and oxides of carbon )
K.2 Identify and describe significant organic compounds in daily life: demonstrating generalized knowledge of
their origins and applications(eg. methane,methanol,ethane,ethanol,ethanioic acid,propane,benzene,octane
glucose, polyethylene .
K.3 Name and draw structural, condensed structural and line diagrams and formulas, using IUPAC
nomenclature guidelines for saturated and unsaturated aliphatic(including cyclic) and aromatic compounds a)
a) - containing up to 10 carbons in parent chain (eg: pentane : 3-ethyl-2,4-dimethylpentane and cyclic
structures like cyclopentane )
b) - containing only one type of functional group (with multiple bonds categorized as a functional group)
eg: pent - 2- ene / and including simple halogenated hydrocarbons eg: 2 - chloropentane
alchols – eg: pentan -2-ol / carboxylic acids – eg: pentanoic acid / and esters – eg : methylpropanoate
c) - and with multiple occurrences of the functional group limited to halogens – eg: 2-bromo-2-chloropentane
and alcohols – eg: pentane-2,3-diol
K.4 Identify types of compounds from the hydroxyl,carboxyl,ester linkage and halogen functional groups when
given the structural formula
K.5 Define structural isomerism as compounds having the same empirical formulas, but with different
structural fomulas, and relate the structures to the variations in the properties of the isomers
K.6 Compare,both with hologous series and among compounds with different functional groups, the
boiling points and solubility of examples of aliphatics,aromatics,alcohols and carboxylic acids.
K.7 Describe, in general terms, the physical,chemical and technological processes ( fractional distillation and
solvent extraction ) used to separate organic compounds from natural mixtures of solutions ;
eg : petroleum refining , bitumen recovery
GENERAL OUTCOME 2 - STUDENTS WILL DESCRIBE CHEMICAL REACTIONS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
[2] SPECIFIC OUTCOMES FOR KNOWLEDGE - Students will
K.1
Define , illustrate and provide examples of simple addition, substitution, elimination, estrification
and combustion reactions
K.2
Predict products and write and interpret balanced equations for the above reactions
K.3
Define, illustrated and provide examples of monomers( eg: ethylene) polymers (eg: polyethylene) and
polymerization in living systems (eg: carbohydrates,proteins) and
nonliving systems (eg: nylon ,polyester and plastics)
K.4
Relate the reactions described above to major reactions that produce thermal energy and economically
important compounds from fossil fuels
Specific Outcomes for Skills
S.1
formulate questions about observed relationships and plan investigations of questions, ideas problems and
issues.
-
predict ester formed from an alcohol and an organic acid
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describe procedures for the safe handling, storage and disposal of materials used in the lab ( WHMIS)
-
consumer product labeling
-
design a procedure to prepare a polymer
S.2
Conduct investigations into relationships among observable variables and use a broad range of tools and
techniques to gather and record information in the reaction of organic compounds.
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synthesize a polymer, such as nylon or slime
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produce an ester / investigate the making of soap
-
Research bitumen grading / octane ratings of fuels – how they are determined
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Investigate issues related to green house gases / methane, carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen dioxide
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analyze the contribution of green house gases to climate change
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use models to illustrate polymers
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analyze a process for producing polymers
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analyze negative by-products related to chemical processes in organic chemistry
SPECIFIC OUTCOMES FOR SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY (STS)
(1)
(The social and environmental contexts emphasis)
STUDENTS WILL:
1) Explain how science and technology are developed to meet the societal needs and expand human capability
-
describe where organic compounds are used in processes and common products, such as in
hydrogenation to produce margarine and esters used in flavoring agents for foods
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describe Aboriginal use of organic substances for waterproofing, tanning dyeing, medicine,salves, and
insect repellents
2) Explain that science and technology have influenced, and been influenced by, historical development and
societal needs.
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explain how, as a result of chemistry and chemical technology, synthetic compounds of great benefit to
society, such as plastics, medicines, hydrocarbon fuels, and pesticides, have been produced.
SPECIFIC OUTCOMES FOR SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY (STS)
(2)
-
describe processes for obtaining economically important compounds from fossil fuels
( eg : hydrocracking and catalytic reforming) (eg: describe bitumen upgrading)
-
describe major reactions used in the petrochemical industry in Alberta – such as in the production of
methanol , ethylene glycol , polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and urea formaldehyde
-
investigate nanoscience and nanotechnology in the petrochemical industry and the medical sciences
- describe processes involved in producing fuels:
( eg: adjusting octane/octane rating / reducing sulfur content / adding compounds such as additives –ethanol)
-
assessing the positive and negative affects of various reactions involving organic compounds
Quality of life issues / environmental impact (examples)
burning of fossil fuels and climate change
production of pharmaceuticals and foods
by-products (CO2 , dioxins ) of common reactions
recycling of plastics
impact of CFC’s and Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC’s) on the ozone layer
transfats in the diet ( unsaturated/polyunsaturated vs saturated fats )