Download Recombinant DNA Biotech Summary Questions

Block 2 MCB1
Recombinant DNA and Biotechnology
Summary Slide Questions
1. What are restriction enzymes? Restriction fragments?
2. How can DNA from different species be pieced together?
3. How can a given DNA fragment be characterized?
4. How are DNA fragments treated with the same restriction enzyme joined together?
5. How does Southern Blotting work? What is it used for? What happens during the blotting
step?
6. How long is a single-stranded probe used in the hybridizations step? What changes if the probe
is shorter or longer?
7. How is a region in a polypeptide identified, using probes based on an amino acid sequence?
8. How does Northern Blotting work? What is it used for? How is it different from Southern
Blotting?
9. What are DNA microarrays?
10. How long are the DNA sequences in an expression array? What are they identical to? What
about genomic arrays?
11. How are different mrNA mixtures compared in expression arrays?
12. What is expression profiling used for?
13. What is CGH and what is it used for?
14. What are plasmids? What do they carry? How can plasmid DNA be amplified 1000-fold?
15. How can an antibiotic resistance gene be used to select for bacteria with an inserted DNA
fragment?
16. How do you get a pure colony of DNA which can be propagated for lots of plasmid DNA?
17. What are “inserts?”
18. How do these gene cloning principles apply for bacteriophages, artificial chromosomes, and
yeast?
19. What is cloned (subcloned) in another vector for expression of a recombinant protein?
20. What is cDNA and how is it made?
21. What is the primer for reverse trasncriptase and how does it work?
22. what is the difference between cDNA clones and genomic DNA clones?
23. Why is the cDNA insert fused to another gene fragment in specialized cDNA libraries?
24. What are required in vectors used for expression in eukaryotic cells?
25. How is human insulin normally produced? How can it be joined in bacteria?
26. What are transgenic animals? How are they created?
27. What is the Tet-off system? How does it work?
28. What is required for gene knock-outs and replacements? Where is this done? What is required
to get animals of the desired genetics?
29. Why is the TK gene added at the end of a gene construct?
30. Why gene is used for replacement in knock-outs?
31. How is a point mutation introduced in a particular gene?
32. What are some strategies for gene therapy?
33. How can DNA be clinically administered?
34. What are disabled viruses?
35. What do microDNA genes code for?
36. What is dicer? What is RISC?
37. How can degradation of an mRNA be achieved? What accomplishes this?
38. What happens when you add transcription factors to an induced pluripotent stem cell? What is
pluripotency?
39. How can induced pluripotent cells be used?