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Digestive System made of a ________ o _________ at both ends ____ feet long also called o ______________ ___________ o ___________________ (GI) tract technically food inside _____________ _______ is not __________ body o ___________ through o if a person eats a quarter what happens? function o ___________ _________ or ____________ __________ ______________ break down _____________ broken down ___________ of stomach ____________ in mouth o _____________ food _____________ in walls of tube o food goes ____, has to come ____ ______________ _____________ is elimination organ ___________ feces aka “______” food undergoes 3 kinds of processing in body o _______________ o _______________ o _______________ Wall of the digestive tract made of ______ layers of _________ o mucosa or __________ _______________ esophagus – tough _______________ remainder of _________ – delicate layer of ______________ o _______________ and _______________ submucosa just below _______________ o _______________tissue many blood _______________ and _______________ musclaris ______ layers of muscle _______________ creates rhythmic _______________ o _______________ assists in _______________breakdown of food serosa _______________ covering or coating Mouth hallow ____________with __________, ___________, and __________ _______________point of _______________ lined with _______________ _______________ roof o _______________ palate o _______________ structure _______________ palate mainly _______________ connected to _______________ _____________and _____________ ____________prevent food from entering _____________ _____________ floor o _______________ _______________ muscle ______________ connects tongue to ____________of mouth _______________ – elevations on tongue o contain taste buds o _______________ o _______________ o _______________ o _______________ largest are _______________type also made of _______________ Teeth act of _______________ – _______________ _______________types of teeth o incisors o canines o aka _______________ _______________or tear food premolars o molars o _______________ _______________ molars and _______________have flat _______________on the surface to _______________and crush after food has been _______________it becomes a mass called a _______________ _____ baby teeth o _____ permanent teeth o usually by _______________years between _______________ years teeth are _______________into _______________parts o crown exposed or _______________in mouth covered by _______________ _______________tissue in the body two other _______________tissues dentin o cementum o o o _______________ portion of tooth _______________ and _______________areas neck _______________ portion surrounded by _______________ tissue or ______________ root _______________ of jaw _______________ membrane o lines each tooth _______________ tooth _____________ is disease of _______________, _______________, and _______________ results in _______________ Salivary Glands _______________pairs o parotid _______________ ____________ and in ____________ of each ear at the angle of _____________ when people get _____________ becomes _____________ you can see them by looking at the _____________ side of you ______________ second molar o submandibular o sublingual on either _______________ of _______________ _______________ of mouth saliva contains _______________ _______________ o begins _______________ digestion of _______________ o allows food to pass with less ___________ through _____________ Pharynx _______________ lined with _______________ _______________ part of _______________ and _______________ systems Esophagus connects _______________ to _______________ ____ inches long _______________ pushes _______________ towards _______________ produces _______________ for easy _______________ Stomach just under _______________ when empty as _______________ as a _______________ large after a _______________ o _______________ after a large meal o _______________ is pushing against _______________ food enters stomach through _______________ or _______________ _______________ o sphincter is a _______________ of _______________ tissue o ___________ sphincter keeps food from reentering ____________ o _______________ inside of diaphragm allows _______________ to pass through if reenters – ______________ ____________disease (GERD) if stomach bulges through hole ______________ ________________ food is broken down with _______________ _______________and _______________ _______________ o becomes _______________mixture called _______________ _______________ layers of _______________ muscle in the stomach wall o oblique o circular o lengthwise – _______________ o makes the ______________ one of the _______________ muscles o muscle _______________ in stomach called _______________ _______________ membrane lines stomach o contains _______________ glands o secrete _______________ juice and _______________ acid when stomach is _______________, folds called _______________ _______________ divisions of _______________ o fundus _______________ portion _____________ of and above opening of _______________ into _______________ o body o _______________ part of _______________ pylorus _______________, _______________ part joins with _______________ _______________ _______________ digestion of food by _______________ _______________ muscle _______________ _______________ border of stomach is _______________ curvature _______________ _______________ border _______________ curvature Small intestine _____________feet long smaller in _____________than _____________intestine _____________different sections o _____________ C – _____________ _____________around head of _____________ site of frequent _____________ ____________place acid ____________enters contains site for ducts to empty _____________ digestive juice and _____________ from the _____________ o jejunum o ileum _____________ duodenal papillae _____________ duodenal papillae mucous lining contains _____________ glands o secrete intestinal _____________ juice o not _____________ arranged in _____________ folds called _____________ plicae have tiny “_____________” called _____________ project into _____________ of small intestine _____________ _____________ network of _____________ capillaries Liver o _____________ proteins and _____________ o increases _____________ _____________ contain a _____________ o small _____________vessel o absorbs _____________ and _____________ materials fills entire _____________ _____________ section of the body secretes _____________ o _____________ gland o largest _____________ in the body liver -> _____________ and _____________ hepatic duct -> common _____________ duct -> common _____________ duct -> _____________ bile o contain _____________ and bile _____________ _____________up or _____________fats _____________are in large _____________ _____________ is also lost in _____________ way for body to get rid of _____________ primary functions _____________ fats _____________ cholesterol Gallbladder _____________ bile in-between _____________ _____________in _____________ trigger a release of the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) in the _____________ then stimulates _____________ of _____________ _____________ goes into small intestine gallstones block _____________ _____________ duct o liver -> _____________-> cystic _____________ XXX common bile duct -> duodenum o _____________ appear gray-_____________ o _____________ amounts of bile are absorbed in _____________ results in _____________skin discoloration _____________ also occurs when _____________ _____________ duct is blocked if cystic duct is blocked no _____________ why? Pancreas lies _____________ stomach _____________ gland o secretes _____________ juice o most _____________ digestive juice o contain _____________ that digest 3 major types of _____________ _____________ gland o secretes _____________ into blood Large Intestine _____________ feet _____________ and _____________ food passes from small intestine through _____________ _____________ food in no longer _____________ , a “soupy” mixture changes to the _____________ of fecal _____________ o _____________ is absorbed _____________ matter acted upon by _____________ normal passage _____________ days rate _____________ o _____________ rate _____________ o _____________ o even more _____________ is removed o reduces bowel emptying _____________ cecum -> _____________ colon -> _____________ colon -> _____________ colon -> _____________ colon -> _____________ -> _____________ canal _____________ sphincter muscles stay _____________ to keep anus _____________ except during defecation o _____________ anal sphincter o _____________ _____________ anal sphincter _____________ Appendix o no _____________ functions in humans o _____________ tissue o minor role in _____________mechanisms o _____________– appendicitis