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Name _______________________________ Mod ______ Date ____________ REVIEW WORKSHEET – CHAP. 9 MUSCULAR SYSTEM 1. ___________________ Connective tissue covering over entire muscle 2. ___________________ Attaches muscle to bone 3. ___________________ Stores & releases Ca++ 4. ___________________ Connective tissue covering over muscle fiber 5. ___________________ Muscle bundle 6. ___________________ Light area on either side of the Z line 7. ___________________ Repeating units of skeletal muscle that cause its striped appearance Thin filaments 8. ___________________ 9. ___________________ 10.___________________ 11.___________________ Area of sarcomere that consists of overlapping fibers of actin & myosin Carries the impulse from the neuron further into muscle fibers Stores neurotransmitters 12.___________________ Connective tissue covering over muscle bundle 13.___________________ Blocks the binding sites of a muscle at rest 14.___________________ 17.___________________ The neurotransmitter that motor neurons use to stimulate muscles Functional unit of muscles that shorten when muscles contract Enzyme that breaks down any excess neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft Area of sarcomere that consists of myosin filaments only 18.___________________ Ending points of sarcomere 19.___________________ Thick filaments 20.___________________ The motor neuron & the muscle fibers it acts on 15.___________________ 16.___________________ *OVER* Multiple Choice _____ 21. In smooth muscle, Ca++ combines with __________ to allow cross-bridges to form. a. calmodulin b. troponin c. myosin d. tropomyosin _____ 22. The period of time during which a muscle will not respond to a stimulus is: a. refractory period b. threshold c. latent period d. relaxation period _____ 23. The reddish brown color of muscle is due to the presence of a. creatine phosphate b. hemoglobin c. myoglobin d. iron _____ 24. The antagonist of the triceps is the a. deltoid b. lattisimus dorsi c. biceps d. brachioradialis _____ 25. The gap between the muscle & the nerve is the a. synapse b. motor end plate c. synaptic vesicles d. motor unit _____ 26. During the contraction of a sarcomere, calcium ions bind with the protein a. actin b. myosin c. troponin d. tropomyosin _____ 27. Which of the following is true about lactic acid? a. Lactic acid uses up the O2 in muscle cells, resulting in oxygen debt b. Lactic acid is produced in muscle cells in the presence of oxygen c. Lactic acid accumulation results in soreness after exercise d. Lactic acid is used in cellular respiration to synthesize creatine phosphate _____ 28. As the diameter of a muscle fiber increases, a. the strength of its contraction decreases b. the strength of its contraction increases c. they are said to hypertrophy d. both B & C _____ 29. Rigor mortis can best be described as a. muscular relaxation due to the unavailability of ATP b. after death when ATP collects in muscle tissue & causes total release of cross bridges & consequently muscle rigidity c. muscle rigidity due to unreleased cross bridges in muscle cells d. a lack of ATP because of halted metabolic activities resulting in cold body temperatures _____ 30. What biochemical change is most directly responsible for the return of a muscle fiber to a resting condition? a. absence of Ca++ b. absence of acetylcholinesterase c. the release of acetylcholine d. the regeneration of ATP Sequencing – Place the following events in the correct order by putting a 1 in the 1st step, etc. _____ 31. Z lines of the sarcomere are drawn together & sarcomere shortens _____ 32. Cross bridge movement begins _____ 33. Cross bridges b/t actin & myosin form _____ 34. Ca++ bind to troponin _____ 35. ATP is converted to ADP & cross bridges are released Select the type of muscle that best fits the descriptions listed below. Smooth muscle Skeletal muscle Cardiac muscle ___________ 36. Spindle shaped ___________ 37. Large T-tubules ___________ 38. Susceptible to a release of hormones ___________ 39. May undergo peristalsis ____________40. Slower to contract, but may retain contraction longer 41. Compare smooth, skeletal & cardiac muscle tissue by filling in the chart below. Skeletal Smooth Cardiac Cells elongated w/multiple nuclei/cell T-tubules present Striated/voluntary Needs nerve impulse for contraction Ca+² binds to troponin Not affected by hormones Contracts & relaxes rapidly Not affected by stretching 42. The function of creatine phosphate is ____________________________________ 43. Oxygen is carried in the bloodstream bound to _____________________________ 44. Liver cells can convert lactic acid to ______________, but it requires ____________ 45. A muscle cramp results when ____________________________________________ 46. Threshold is defined as _________________________________________________ 47. A myogram is ________________________________________________________ 48. Three parts of a muscle contraction are ____________________________________ 49. Summation occurs when ________________________________________________ 50. Recruitment of muscle means ____________________________________________