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ANATOMY/PHYSIOLOGY CHAPTER 10 REVIEW: SKELETAL MUSCLE Topics to study: 5 functions of muscular system Skeletal Muscle Organization (Figure 10-6) Skeletal muscle anatomy- define & label o Connective tissues- epi, peri, endomysium o Blood vessels and nerves o Sarcolemma o Sarcoplasm o Sarcomeres o T tubules o Myofibrils o SR o Terminal cisternae o Triad Structure of sarcomere o Draw and label at rest o Sliding filament theory- how contraction changes sarcomere structure Structure of thick and thin filaments- the proteins (e.g. nebulin, F actin, G actin etc.) NMJ- draw and label, steps in how it works Steps of muscle contraction & relaxation- memorize, if given picture be able to describe what’s happening Combine steps of NMJ with contraction steps Length-tension relationship of sarcomere- why too short/too long not good for tension production, what is optimal? All-or-none principle Myogram of twitch contraction & tension o Draw graph and label- stimulus, latent period, contraction and relaxation phase o Explain what is happening on muscle fiber level causes these changes in graph Differences between wave summation, incomplete and complete tetanus, treppe o Graph interpretations/analysis Control of muscle contraction- 2 ways Motor units and recruitment- how do they vary in # for different muscles in body, when is recruitment used Muscle tone- What is it? Why do we need it? Isotonic vs isometric contractions o 2 types of isotonic contractions Fast vs slow fibers o Structure, function, etc (see tables) Hypertrophy vs atrophy Cardiac and smooth muscles- compare/contrast with skeletal