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Important Battles of the Civil War The Battle Significance Fort Sumter (1861) First Manassas (First Bull Run) (1861) Peninsula campaign (including the Battle of the Seven Days) (1862) Shiloh (1862) Second Manassas (Second Bull Run) (1862) Antietam (Sharpsburg) (1862) Fredericksburg (1862) Chancellorsville (1863) Gettysburg (1863) Sherman captures Atlanta, and makes his “March to the Sea” (1864) Grant pushes Southward (including Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Spotsylvania, Petersburg (’64, ’65) Appomattox (1865) Confederates fire first shots of the war on Union garrison; leads Lincoln to call for volunteers, which leads upper South to secede First battle of War;“Stonewall” gets his name; shows that War will not be over in 90 days; Confederate victory Big victory by Lee over McClellan, Confederate confidence booster, helps lead Lincoln to decision to issue E. Pro. More casualties than in all previous American wars combined; Union victory helps to make Grant famous Big Confederate victory, emboldens Lee to make first incursion into the North Bloodiest day in American military history; Union victory gives Lincoln political clout to deliver preliminary E. Proc. Confederate victory with huge Union casualties; Union tactics way behind technology Lee’s finest hour – where the odds are the longest, he pulls off most impressive Confederate victory Turning point of War against the Confederacy; Lee’s army is wrecked, and will be on defensive for rest of War Sherman introduces concept of “Total War”, and makes the South “howl” Grant presses bloody fight after bloody fight, finally wearing Lee and his forces down. Lee surrender’s to Grant; Lincoln instructs Grant: “I want no one punished”; - terms of surrender are generous