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Chapter 10 1. Atom – the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element 2. Nucleus – in physical science, an atom’s central region, which is made up of protons and neutrons 3. Proton – a subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom 4. Neutron – a subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom 5. Electron – a subatomic particle that has a negative charge 6. Electron cloud – a region around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are likely to be found 7. Isotope – an atom that has the same number of protons but has a different number of neutrons 8. Atomic number – the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom 9. Atomic mass – the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom Chapter 11 1. Periodic-describes something that occurs or repeats at regular intervals 2. Period-a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table 3. Group- a vertical column of elements in the periodic table; elements in a group share chemical properties 4. Metal-an element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity well 5. Nonmetal-an element that conducts heat and electricity poorly 6. Metalloid-elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals 7. Alkali metal-one of the elements of Group 1 of the periodic table (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium) 8. Alkaline-earth metal-one of the elements of Group 2 of the periodic table (beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium) 9. Halogen-one of the elements of Group 17 of the periodic table (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and statine); halogens combine with most metals to form salts 10. Noble gas- one of the elements of Group 18 of the periodic table (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon); noble gases are unreactive Chapter 10 1. Atom – the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element 2. Nucleus – in physical science, an atom’s central region, which is made up of protons and neutrons 3. Proton – a subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom 4. Neutron – a subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom 5. Electron – a subatomic particle that has a negative charge 6. Electron cloud – a region around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are likely to be found 7. Isotope – an atom that has the same number of protons but has a different number of neutrons 8. Atomic number – the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom 9. Atomic mass – the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom Chapter 11 1. Periodic-describes something that occurs or repeats at regular intervals 2. Period-a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table 3. Group- a vertical column of elements in the periodic table; elements in a group share chemical properties 4. Metal-an element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity well 5. Nonmetal-an element that conducts heat and electricity poorly 6. Metalloid-elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals 7. Alkali metal-one of the elements of Group 1 of the periodic table (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium) 8. Alkaline-earth metal-one of the elements of Group 2 of the periodic table (beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium) 9. Halogen-one of the elements of Group 17 of the periodic table (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and statine); halogens combine with most metals to form salts 10. Noble gas- one of the elements of Group 18 of the periodic table (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon); noble gases are unreactive