Download DNA/Protein Synthesis Review

DNA/Protein Synthesis Review
1. Define the following terms: replication, transcription, translation, codon, anticodon, protein synthesis
2. Draw a unit of DNA containing four nucleotides and label these parts: nucleotide, nitrogenous base,
deoxyribose (sugar), phosphate, hydrogen bond
3. Summarize the discoveries of DNA made by Griffith, Avery, Hershey & Chase, Watson & Crick
(separately).
4. What is Chargaff’s rule?
5. Summarize the steps for each of these processes: DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation
6. How are nitrogenous bases categorized? Which bases fit into which category and why?
7. Compare and contrast DNA and RNA.
8. Describe the functions of the three types of RNA. Be able to identify each type.
9. What kind of bond holds the DNA double helix together?
10. Be able to convert DNA to mRNA to amino acids.
DNA: TACGGTAACTGC
mRNA:
Amino acids:
11. If the mRNA strand is AUGCUUAGGCUA what would the anticodons be?
12. What is a mutation?
13. What is the difference between a gene mutation and a chromosomal mutation?
14. Describe point mutation and frameshift mutation.
15. Chromosomal mutations include what four types of mutations?
16. Describe each of the mutations you listed for #16.
17. What is gene expression (see p.309 in textbook)?
18. Do all mutations affect gene expression?
*Study Figure 12-18 on p.304 in your textbook & the figures on your Protein Synthesis Worksheet
DNA/Protein Synthesis Review
1. Define the following terms: replication, transcription, translation, codon, anticodon, protein synthesis
2. Draw a unit of DNA containing four nucleotides and label these parts: nucleotide, nitrogenous base,
deoxyribose (sugar), phosphate, hydrogen bond
3. Summarize the discoveries of DNA made by Griffith, Avery, Hershey & Chase, Watson & Crick
(separately).
4. What is Chargaff’s rule?
5. Summarize the steps for each of these processes: DNA Replication, Transcription, Translation
6. How are nitrogenous bases categorized? Which bases fit into which category and why?
7. Compare and contrast DNA and RNA.
8. Describe the functions of the three types of RNA. Be able to identify each type.
9. What kind of bond holds the DNA double helix together?
10. Be able to convert DNA to mRNA to amino acids.
DNA: TACGGTAACTGC
mRNA:
Amino acids:
11. If the mRNA strand is AUGCUUAGGCUA what would the anticodons be?
12. What is a mutation?
13. What is the difference between a gene mutation and a chromosomal mutation?
14. Describe point mutation and frameshift mutation.
15. Chromosomal mutations include what four types of mutations?
16. Describe each of the mutations you listed for #16.
17. What is gene expression?
18. Do all mutations affect gene expression (see p.309 in textbook)?
*Study Figure 12-18 on p.304 in your textbook & the figures on your Protein Synthesis Worksheet